Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are being proposed as contrast agents to enhance X-ray imaging and radiotherapy, seeking to take advantage of the increased X-ray absorption of gold compared to soft tissue. However, there is a great discrepancy between physically predicted increases in X-ray energy deposition and experimentally observed increases in cell killing. In this work, we present the first cal...

In previous work we reported investigations on the acceleration of shock waves by energy deposition and a heavy-ion scenario for an experimental investigation of this effect. This has recently been complemented by additional analytic results. A heavy ion beam gives the unique opportunity to create a scenario in which a running shock wave experiences almost homogeneous energy deposition in both ...

Initially used in the treatment of prostate cancer and uterine fibroids, the role of focused ultrasound has expanded as transcranial acoustic wave distortion and other limitations have been overcome. Its utility relies on focal energy deposition via acoustic wave propagation. The duty cycle and intensity of focused ultrasound influence the rate of energy deposition and result in unique physiolo...

The influence of change in deposition conditions of silane concentration and substrate temperature on optical properties of hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon thin film samples prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) technique, are investigated. The crystalline volume fraction for the samples determined from Raman spectra are correlated with the silane concentration, su...

The deposition behaviors of carboxylate-modified polystyrene latex microspheres (six sizes ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 μm) in packed porous media (soda-lime glass beads) were examined under a variety of environmentally relevant pore fluid velocities (4-8 m-day-1) in the presence of an energy barrier to deposition. Hyperexponential profiles of retained colloids were observed for all microsphere size...

The characteristics of the electron-photon showers initiated by 2 to 10 GeV electrons aligned along the < 111 >-axis of tungsten crystals are compared with those for the amorphous tungsten. In this energy range, as known, the positron yield at the optimal target thicknesses is larger in a crystal case only by several percent. However, the amount of the energy deposition in a crystal turns out t...

Epitaxial La0:6Sr0:4MnO3 (LSMO) thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition. Relationships between magnetic properties of LSMO epitaxial thin films and ablation conditions such as ablated spot area and total incident laser energy in a pulsed laser deposition technique were studied. Ablated spot area was controlled by changing the focus lens position and total laser energy. Epitaxial growth...

The extra-solar planet HD209458b has been found to have an extended atmosphere of escaping atomic hydrogen (Vidal-Madjar et al. 2003), suggesting that “hot Jupiters” closer to their parent stars could evaporate. Here we estimate the atmospheric escape (so called evaporation rate) from hot Jupiters and their corresponding life time against evaporation. The calculated evaporation rate of HD209458...