With the proliferation of mobile, wireless and internet-enabled devices (e.g., PDAs, cell phones, pagers, etc.), Java is emerging as a standard execution environment due to its security, portability, mobility and network support features. The platform of choice in this setting is Java ME-CLDC. With the large number of applications available for Javaenabled network-connected devices, security is...

Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of global financial crisis rooted in ethical deterioration. However, worldwide regulatory reform agenda has largely overlooked this factor and focused on technical needs. Also, look at relative influence various players within corporate governance equation to determine shape that enforcement takes.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The qualitative meth...

Salary Differences BetweenMale and Female RegisteredNurses in the United States Fifty years after the Equal Pay Act, the male-female salary gap has narrowed in many occupations.1 Yet pay inequality persists for certain occupations, including medicine and nursing. Studies have documented salary differences across clinical settings for diverse cohorts of physicians2,3 and higher salaries for male...

Applying a willingness to pay approach known from contingent valuation in environmental economics, we develop an ordinally based measure for the size of individual sacrifice that is connected with an agent's contribution to a public good. We construct a selection mechanism that picks the unique efficient solution among all allocations that have an equal sacrifice as defined in this way. We show...