AIMS In spite of increasing reuse of disposable catheters, there are few scientific data on potential viral transmission and infection after reuse. To determine the theoretical risk of virus transmission during reuse of catheters an in vitro study was performed using an RNA virus (echovirus-11) and a DNA virus (adenovirus-2). METHODS AND RESULTS After deliberate contamination of the catheters...

AIMS To investigate the involvement of enterovirus infection in chronic, rheumatic heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, surgical samples of valve tissue were examined for the presence of enteroviral RNA and virus capsid protein VP1 by in situ hybridization and immunostaining. Of 53 cases, 33 were patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease and 20 had Marfan'...

The GeneXpert Dx system (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) is a fully integrated and automated nucleic acid sample preparation, amplification, and real-time detection system. It consists of an instrument, a personal computer, and disposable fluidic cartridges. The analytical sensitivity and specificity of the GeneXpert enterovirus assay (GXEA) were determined with a panel of 63 different enterovirus sero...

BACKGROUND Enteroviral RNA sequences have been demonstrated in the myocardium of patients with myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy from presentation to end-stage disease. The prognosis of heart muscle disease has not previously been evaluated in relation to the detection of enterovirus in myocardial biopsy tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 123 consecutive patients with heart muscle dis...

BACKGROUND Viral conjunctivitis are the most frequent infections in ophthalmology clinics. The diagnosis is usually relying on clinical findings and medical history. However, topical antibiotics are often used unnecessarily addition to symptomatic treatment because of unsure agents. We aimed to detect the Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus and Enterovirus from conjunctiva and pharyngeal samples of pati...

Background Enteroviral RNA sequences have been demonstrated in the myocardium of patients with myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy from presentation to end-stage disease. The prognosis of heart muscle disease has not previously been evaluated in relation to the detection of enterovirus in myocardial biopsy tissue. Methods and Results We studied 123 consecutive patients with heart muscle disea...

The simian picornaviruses were isolated from various primate tissues during the development of general tissue culture methods in the 1950s to 1970s or from specimens derived from primates used in biomedical research. Twenty simian picornavirus serotypes are recognized, and all are presently classified within the Enterovirus genus. To determine the phylogenetic relationships among all of the sim...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of pathogenic viruses in the Moselle River and to compare the usefulness of thermotolerant coliforms and somatic coliphages as tools for river water quality assessment in terms of viral contamination. Thermotolerant coliforms and somatic coliphages were enumerated by standardized methods in 170 samples of river water drawn from five sampling sit...

Enterovirus 71 frequently involves the central nervous system and may present with a variety of neurologic manifestations. Here, we aimed to describe the clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles of patients presenting with neurologic complications of enterovirus 71 infection. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 31 pediatric pati...

BACKGROUND A major outbreak of human enterovirus 71-associated hand, foot and mouth disease in Sarawak in 1997 marked the beginning of a series of outbreaks in the Asia Pacific region. Some of these outbreaks had unusually high numbers of fatalities and this generated much fear and anxiety in the region. METHODS We established a sentinel surveillance programme for hand, foot and mouth disease...