In this study, we examine the interplay between public environmental enforcement and private lender monitoring its effects on borrowers’ activities. To capture monitoring, use covenants in loan agreements that require borrowers to take remedial actions, disclose adverse events, or conduct audits. We predict find that, presence of higher regulatory intensity, are more likely include when loans s...

There is today an increasing interest in environmental monitoring for a variety of specific applications, with great impact especially on natural resource management and preservation, economy, and people's life and health. Typical uses encompass, for example, Earth observation, meteorology, natural resource monitoring, agricultural and forest monitoring, pollution control, natural disaster obse...

Activity monitoring has received increasing attention due to the strong environmental and public health needs as well as the rapid advances in both hardware and software technologies. In this paper, we review a number of such activity monitoring scenarios and describe the architecture and implementation of the Epi-SPIRE prototype, which is a novel health activity monitoring system that generate...

This paper surveys the needs associated with environmental monitoring and longterm environmental stewardship. Emerging sensor technologies are reviewed to identify compatible technologies for various environmental monitoring applications. The contaminants that are considered in this report are grouped into the following categories: (1) metals, (2) radioisotopes, (3) volatile organic compounds, ...

prut river is very important for sustaining the biodiversity and economical activities in its area for romania, ukraine and republic of moldova. anthropogenic activities are present everywhere especially near a big water flow because they need a close water resource. the major problems remain the impact and a possible risk produced as a negative result in these activities (agriculture close to ...

This paper surveys the needs associated with environmental monitoring and longterm environmental stewardship. Emerging sensor technologies are reviewed to identify compatible technologies for various environmental monitoring applications. The contaminants that are considered in this report are grouped into the following categories: (1) metals, (2) radioisotopes, (3) volatile organic compounds, ...

Both activities on quality improvement of the environment and a willingness to understand these processes are conditional on possessing reliable information that can be obtained from analytics and environmental monitoring. At present, analytics and environmental monitoring are among the most dynamically developing branches of chemical analysis. The pursuit of getting the complex information on ...