In a domestic market, duopoly produces homogeneous final good, pollution, pollution abatement, and R&D, which reduces abatement cost. One of the firms (foreign) has superior technology. The government regulates by levying tax to maximize welfare. We consider potential implementation three innovation agreements: cooperative research joint venture (RJV), non-cooperative RJV, licensing. (non-c...

BACKGROUND While much attention is focused on national policies intended to protect human health from environmental hazards, states can also prevent environmentally mediated disease through legislation and regulation. However, relatively few analyses have examined the extent to which states protect children from chemical factors in the environment. METHODS Using Lexis Nexis and other secondar...

This paper contributes to the empirical literature on the relationship between environmental regulation and firm behavior. In particular, we ask whether and how strongly investment decisions of firms respond to stringency in environmental regulation. Environmental stringency is measured as (i) an industry’s total current expenditure on environmental protection, and (ii) a country’s revenue from...