Oxidative stress (OS), which has been implicated in pathogenesis of many acute and chronic diseases, plays an important role in diverse neurological disorders including depression and anxiety. OS is caused by a large amount of reactive oxygen species or impaired enzymatic or non-enzymatic defense against it. OS has been suggested to contribute to etiology of mentioned disorders. This review int...

Phytohormones such as auxin are known to be involved in alleviating the detrimental effects of salinity by modulating the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and improving antioxidant system, which help in sustaining plant growth. The present study envisaged revealing the role of exogenous application of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in improving defense mechanisms in two genotypes (FL485 and IR29,...

boron (b) is a non-metal micronutrient which is essential for plants growth and development. formation of boron complex with cell wall matrix and phenolic compounds is a definite influence of boron in physiological process. it has been suggested that b-toxicity and deficiency may induce excess production of reactive oxygen species thereby promote defense responses by antioxidant enzymes or non-...

Cadmium (Cd) is considered as one of the most toxic metals for plant growth and development. In the present study, we investigated the role of externally applied hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in regulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in conferring Cd-induced oxidative stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Seedlings were pretreated with 50 μM H2O2 for 24 h. These pretre...

Glutaredoxins (Grxs) and thioredoxin peroxidases (Tpxs) are major antioxidant enzyme families involved in regulating cellular redox homeostasis defense of enhanced oxidative stress through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the functions these enzymes have not been reported oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), a worldwide pest stone pome fruits. Here, we identified f...

Callus cultures initiated from red beet tubers were acclimated to 75 or 100 mM NaCl salinity by exposing them gradually increasing concentrations. The callus lines displayed growth rates comparable the control culture cultivated on NaCl-free medium. Several antioxidant system components analyzed assess role of defense in callus’s ability proliferate salt-supplemented media. It was found that pr...

Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cause several physiological disorders and even death. Oxidative stress is one of the common consequences of abiotic stress in plants, which is caused by excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sometimes ROS production exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, which leads to oxida...

The objective of this study was to characterize the non-enzymatice and enzymatic antioxidants of E. littorale Blume grown under wild condition. Aerial and sub-aerial parts of the plants exposed to different heat stress was analyzed for the non enzymatic antioxidants such as Tocopherol, Phenols, DPPH, FRAP and enzymatic antioxidants such as Polyphenol oxidase, Peroxidase, Catalase, Super Oxide D...

The involvement of ethylene in reversal salt (NaCl; 50 mM) stress on photosynthetic activity and growth by salicylic acid (SA; 0.5 together with sulfur (S; 2.0 was studied mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Pusa Vijay). Application SA plus SO42? improved through markedly increased S-assimilation, strengthening antioxidant defense system limiting NaCl-accrued oxidative consequences more conspicuous...