نتایج جستجو برای: epistemic modality markers

تعداد نتایج: 276940  

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه اصفهان - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1391

چکیده حیطه ی نوشتار دانشگاهی اخیرا شاهد تغییرات عمده ای از غیرشخصی بودن (عینی بودن) به شخصی بودن بوده است. شخصی بودن متون دانشگاهی اهمیت استفاده از وجهیت معرفتی را برجسته می سازد چرا که? وجهیت معرفتی? بر اساس یکی از تعاریف ارائه شده از این مقوله? ارتباط تنگاتنگی با شخصی بودن داشته و به عنوان بیان نظر شخصی گوینده در مورد جز گزاره ای گفته در نظر گرفته میشود. بنابراین? با در نظر داشتن نقاط مشترک...

Kais Zaman Md. Asadujjaman

In this paper, we propose formulations and algorithms for robust portfolio optimization under both aleatory uncertainty (i.e., natural variability) and epistemic uncertainty (i.e., imprecise probabilistic information) arising from interval data. Epistemic uncertainty is represented using two approaches: (1) moment bounding approach and (2) likelihood-based approach. This paper first proposes a ...

1993
Hiu Fai Chau

This paper describes a proof search system for a non{classical logic (modal concatenation (substructural) logic) based on Gabbay's Labelled Deductive System (LDS). The logic concerned is treated as a case study. It has some unusual features which combine resource (linear, Lambek Calculus or relevance logics) with modality (intensional, temporal, or epistemic logics), and may have some useful ap...

2014
Hans van Ditmarsch Sophia Knight Aybüke Özgün

Subset space semantics for public announcement logic in the spirit of the effort modality have been proposed by Wang and Ågotnes [17] and by Bjorndahl [6]. They propose to model the public announcement modality by shrinking the epistemic range with respect to which a postcondition of the announcement is evaluated, instead of by restricting the model to the set of worlds satisfying the announcem...

1986
Donald Perlis

An apparently negative result of Montague has diverted research in formal modalities away from syntactic (“first-order”) approaches, encouraging rather weak and semantically complex modal formalisms, especially in representing epistemic notions. We show that, Montague notwithstanding, consistent and straightforward firstorder syntactic treatments of modality are possible, especially for belief ...

1992
Craig MacNish

p. 1 Knowledge Without Modality: A Simplified Framework for Chronological Ignorance p. 25 Design Complete Sequential Calculus for Continuous Fixpoint Temporal Logic p. 36 Logical Omniscience and Classical Logic p. 52 Weak Implication: Theory and Applications p. 65 Deriving Inference Rules for Terminological Logics p. 84 Linear Proofs and Linear Logic p. 106 Relevance and Revision About Generali...

2015
Anastasia Smirnova

This paper discusses the meaning of the Bulgarian and Turkish evidentials. I argue that evidential forms in these languages have a rich semantic content: they encode the source of information, epistemic modality, and temporality. Ultimately, I show that the meaning of the Bulgarian and Turkish evidentials is not reducible to the meaning of perfect forms, from which the evidential forms are hist...

Journal: :Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Linguistics) 2016

پایان نامه :دانشگاه تربیت معلم - تهران - دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی 1391

the present study aimed to investigate representation of discourse markers and metadiscourse markers in conversations and readings of general elt coursebook series used in the language centers of iran. to this aim, four elt coursebooks popularly taught in language centers of this country were analyzed based on fung and carter’s (2007) framework regarding discourse markers and hyland’s (2005) fr...

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