Several genotypic methods have been developed for determining the host origin of fecal bacteria in contaminated waters. Some of these methods rely on a host origin database to identify environmental isolates. It is not well understood to what degree these host origin isolates are geographically variable (i.e., cosmopolitan or endemic). This is important because a geographically limited host ori...

Introduction: Zearalenone is a mycotoxin compound produced mainly by the Fusarium species of fungi which is present in several types of foods. T he purpose of this study was to determine the zearalenone in raw animal origin food produced in North-West of Iran . Materials and methods: From June to December 2012, a total of 210 samples (containing 70 raw milk, 70 meat and 70 liver) were obtai...

background: classical bacteriological detection of brucella species from food, and environment is routinely carried out based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. however, for increasing specificity and sensitivity of species identification methods, development of a molecular assay is necessary that was main aim of this study. methods: panel of some reference strains belonging to t...

Bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobials are widespread. This article reviews the distribution of resistant bacteria in farm environments. Humans, animals, and environmental sites are all reservoirs of bacterial communities that contain some bacteria that are susceptible to antimicrobials and others that are resistant. Farm ecosystems provide an environment in which resistant bacteria and ...

[No Abstract] Nocardia is a genus of weakly gram-positive, filamentous, aerobic, relatively slow-growing and partially acid-fast bacteria. These bacteria are ubiquities in environmental resources such as water, soil, dust, decomposing animal feces, and vegetables. This group of bacteria can enter the human body through inhalation and traumatic cutaneous inoculation and cause Nocardia infection...

background: : permanent slide preparation of nematodes especially small ones is time consuming, difficult and they become scarious margins. regarding this prob­lem, a modified double glass mounting method was developed and com­pared with classic method. methods: a total of 209 nematode samples from human and animal origin were fixed and stained with formaldehyde alcohol azocarmine lactophenol (...

Background: Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive and facultative anaerobic food-borne bacterium which is capable of intra and extra cellular growth. L. monocytogenes usually can exist on different surfaces and instruments at production and processing sites of food products with animal origin. In Iran, the consumption of burger has increased recently, but its safety is still of great concer...