This study highlights an oxidation-assisted fatigue crack initiation mechanism in 20 lm thick electroplated Ni films under loading conditions relevant for a wide range of microelectromechanical systems, such as extreme stress gradients at the surface (50% decrease over the first micrometer from the surface). Microresonators subjected to in-plane bending at 8 kHz were fatigued for billions of cy...

nanocrystalline complex oxides have been synthesized by combination of sol–gel auto combustion and ultrasonic irradiation techniques using copper nitrate, zinc nitrate as metallic nitrates and glycine, urea and thiourea as fuels. sol-gel combustion (combination of the chemical sol–gel process and the combustion process) as a proper synthesized technique is used to synthesize zno/cuo nanocomposi...

The physical, electronic and reactivity properties of bulk and supported Group V metal oxides (V, Nb, Ta and Db) were compared at the molecular level. Dubnium is a very short-lived element, ∼60 s, whose properties have not been extensively studied, but can be predicted from knowledge of the other members of the Group V metal oxides. Bulk V2O5 possesses platelet morphology with the active surfac...

Magnetoelectric coupling allows the magnetic state of a material to be changed by an applied electric field. To date, this phenomenon has mainly been observed in insulating materials such as complex multiferroic oxides. Bulk metallic systems do not exhibit magnetoelectric coupling, because applied electric fields are screened by conduction electrons. We demonstrate strong magnetoelectric coupli...

Electronic phase separation consisting of the metallic and insulating domains with 50-100 microm in diameter is found in the organic Mott system kappa-[(h8-BEDT-TTF)(1-x)(d8-BEDT-TTF)x]2Cu[N(CN)2]Br by means of scanning microregion infrared spectroscopy using the synchrotron radiation. The phase separation appears below the critical end temperature 35-40 K of the first-order Mott transition. Th...

We applied an automated semiconductor synthesis and screen system to discover overcoating film materials and optimize coating conditions on the BiVO4/WO3 composite photoelectrode to enhance stability and photocurrent. Thirteen metallic elements for overcoating oxides were examined with various coating amounts. The stability of the BiVO4/WO3 photoelectrode in a highly concentrated carbonate elec...

In this review, we summarize recent works on perovskite solar cells with neutral- and multi-colored semitransparency for building-integrated photovoltaics and tandem solar cells. The perovskite solar cells exploiting microstructured arrays of perovskite "islands" and transparent electrodes-the latter of which include thin metallic films, metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, and transpa...

An explanation ís put forward for the shape of adsorption envelopes found for phosphate adsorption by various metallic oxides. The equation x m '" C l (p.H PO. + 3 J.t¿;anions) is proposed, where J.tH 3 PO. is the chemícal potential of undissociated H3 PO.; J.t¿;anions is the chemical potential of all phosphate anions considered as one. component; CI is a constant that incIudes influences of su...

Single crystals of a novel ruthenate, Ca2Ru2O7, were obtained. An X-ray diffraction study on a single crystal revealed that this material crystallizes in a pyrochlore structure with a lattice parameter, a = 10.197 Å. The magnetic susceptibility above 30 K is the summation of a Curie-Weiss contribution and a constant term independent of temperature. The effective moment per Ru atom is only 0.36 ...