The current status of effective field theory (EFT) descriptions of nucleon-nucleon (NN) interactions is briefly reviewed, and a new formulation of EFT which treats pion interactions perturba-tively is presented. This approach differs from the Kaplan-Savage-Wise (KSW) expansion in that the singular short distance part of the pion tensor interaction is summed to all orders.

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between chronic use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and risk of hip fracture. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Nurses' Health Study, which originally recruited from the 11 most populous states in the US. PARTICIPANTS 79,899 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study who provided data on the use of PPIs and other risk factors bie...

While it is generally recognized that anatomical differences exist between the male and female knee, the literature generally refutes the clinical need for gender-specific total knee prostheses. It has been found that standard, unisex knees perform as well, or better, in women than men. Recently, high-flex knees have become available that mechanically accommodate increased flexion yet no studie...

Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is common with diabetes. The aim of this study was to establish prevalence and risk factors for ACS among Sudanese individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Khartoum State and Atabra (North of Sudan). The data collection was performed through pretested questionnaire, in addition to measurement...

Global risk scores use individual level information on non-modifiable risk factors (such as age, sex, ethnicity and family history) and modifiable risk factors (such as smoking status and blood pressure) to predict an individual’s absolute risk of an adverse event over a specified period of time in the future. Cardiovascular risk scores have two major uses in practice. First, they can be used t...

OBJECTIVES to compare overall survival in HIV-associated lymphoma (HIV-L) and lymphoma raising in HIV-negative population (nHIV-L) and to identify predictors of increased risk of death. METHODS All HIV+ patients with HIV-associated lymphoma (Hodgkin lymphoma, HL; non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, NHL) observed between 1.2000 and 12.2013 in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort or in three collaborating centr...

OBJECTIVE The recent FRIDEX calibration proposed cost-effectiveness thresholds for the Spanish population. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of its application in routine clinical practice and to compare its thresholds with those of the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional study in women referred to a bone densitometry unit who were n...

BACKGROUND Patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy balance the risks of hemorrhage and thromboembolism. We sought to determine the association between anticoagulation intensity and the risk of hemorrhagic and thromboembolic events. We also sought to determine how under-or overanticoagulation would influence patient outcomes. METHODS We reviewed the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Registe...

Information about the epidemiology of meningococcal disease case clusters and the risk of further cases is sparse. Data on clusters in household and educational settings from 1 January 1993 to 31 March 1995 was requested from consultants in communicable disease control in England and Wales through a retrospective postal survey. Ninety-three per cent (122/131) responded. Of the 114 cases in 45 r...

We investigate the use of follow-up samples of individuals to estimate survival curves from studies that are subject to right censoring from two sources: (i) early termination of the study, namely, administrative censoring, or (ii) censoring due to lost data prior to administrative censoring, so-called dropout. We assume that, for the full cohort of individuals, administrative censoring times a...