The estrogen receptor (ER) gene is located on chromosome 6. The aim of our study was to investigate whether numerical chromosomal aberrations were reflected in estrogen/progesterone receptor (PgR) status and staining pattern. Fine-needle aspirates from 51 breast carcinomas were investigated immunocytochemically for ER/PgR and by in situ hybridization technique using digoxigenin-labeled alpha-sa...

BACKGROUND ICI 182,780 (ICI) belongs to a new class of antiestrogens developed to be pure estrogen antagonists and, in addition to its therapeutic use, it has been used to knock-out estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) actions in several mammalian species. In the present study, the effects and mechanism of action of ICI were investigated in the teleost fish, sea bream (Sparus auratus). METHODS...

Interferon (IFN-alpha) increased estrogen receptor (ER) activity in human breast cancer tissue, human uterus (endometrium), and rabbit uterus. The optimum response was obtained with three different doses of IFN-alpha 10, 100, and 1000 U per ml. Escalation of the dose up to 5000 U per ml did not increase further ER activity. Cytosol fractions with zero or low binding activity (below 10 fm per mg...

  Background and Objectives: Presence of steroid hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone) in the tumor tissues of various organs correlates with response to therapy and prognosis. Since their role in ovarian cancer is still controversial, in this study we investigated the expression and prognostic value of the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in ovarian papillary ser...

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) is essential for male fertility. Its activity is responsible for maintaining epithelial cytoarchitecture in efferent ductules and the reabsorption of fluid for concentrating sperm in the head of the epididymis. These discoveries and others have helped to establish estrogen's bisexual role in reproductive importance. Reported here is the molecular mechanism to ...

Estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is a critical regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in breast cancer (BC) other hormone-sensitive cancers. In this review, we explore the mechanism ER-dependent downstream BC role estrogens as growth factors necessary for invasion dissemination. The significance clinical implications ER BC, including potential endocrine therapies that ta...

background and objectives: presence of steroid hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone) in the tumor tissues of various organs correlates with response to therapy and prognosis. since their role in ovarian cancer is still controversial, in this study we investigated the expression and prognostic value of the estrogen receptor (er) and progesterone receptors (pr) in ovarian papillary serous...

Estrogens have been implicated to be complete carcinogens in breast and gynecologic tissues. Possible mechanisms may include differential metabolism with subsequent formation of reactive oxygen species and/or a receptor-mediated pathway, which may also involve indirect modulation of intracellular redox state. Estrogen-mediated oxidative DNA damage in mammary gland epithelia includes the inducti...

Breast cancer is a progressive and potentially fatal disease that affects women of all ages. Like all progressive diseases, early and reliable diagnosis is the key for successful treatment and annihilation. Biomarkers serve as indicators of pathological, physiological, or pharmacological processes. Her2/neu, CA15.3, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and cytokeratins are biomar...

In sporadic breast cancers, BRCA-1 expression is down-regulated in the absence of mutations in the BRCA-1 gene. This suggests that disruption of BRCA-1 expression may contribute to the onset of mammary tumors. Environmental contaminants found in industrial pollution, tobacco smoke, and cooked foods include benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which have been sh...