Wnt signaling is important in many aspects of cell biology and development. In the mouse female reproductive tract, Wnt4, Wnt5a, and Wnt7a show differential expression during the estrus cycle, suggesting that they participate in female reproductive physiology. Although the pituitary is a major gland regulating reproduction, the molecular mechanism of Wnt signaling here is unclear. We elucidated...

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data indicate that high MDM2 expression correlates with all subtypes of breast cancer. Overexpression of MDM2 drives breast oncogenesis in the presence of wild-type or mutant p53 (mtp53). Importantly, estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers overexpress MDM2 and estrogen mediates this expression. We previously demonstrated that this estrogen-MDM2 axis activ...

We have previously demonstrated that both acute and chronic skin inflammation induced by UVB-irradiation resulted in dysfunction of lymphatic capillaries, indicating a critical role function the homeostasis. Recently, we been investigating how morphological alteration capillaries human affects its aging disease. Notably, confirmed significant structural impairment female over 45 years old which...

Estrogens have been shown to protect against various diseases and disastrous metabolic consequences of poor diets. Although a large body of research demonstrates estrogen's ability to control food intake, adipogenesis, and oxidative stress, research regarding the effects of estrogens on hepatic lipogenesis, steatosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is only now accumulating. Estrogen defi...

Estrogen acts to promote DNA synthesis in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line via its interaction with high levels of estrogen receptor. The primary mode of estrogen action has been considered to be through transcriptional activation of genes containing estrogen response elements, including the immediate early genes c-myc and fos. Recent reports have indicated that estrogen, acting through ...

PURPOSE Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilaginous matrix-producing tumor that can be lethal in 10% to 50% of the patients. Surgery is the only effective treatment known as these tumors are notorious refractory to all types of conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. To identify a target for therapy, we want to determine whether estrogen signaling is active in chondrosarcoma because estrogen...

Clinical trials and animal studies have revealed that loss of circulating estrogen induces rapid changes in whole body metabolism, fat distribution, and insulin action. The metabolic effects of estrogen are mediated primarily by its receptor, estrogen receptor-α; however, the detailed understanding of its mechanisms is incomplete. Recent investigations suggest that estrogen receptor-α elicits t...

The steroid hormone estrogen regulates many functionally unrelated processes in numerous tissues. Although it is traditionally thought to control transcriptional activation through the classical nuclear estrogen receptors, it also initiates many rapid nongenomic signaling events. We found that of all G protein-coupled receptors characterized to date, GPR30 is uniquely localized to the endoplasm...

Estrogen receptors are best known as ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate vascular cell gene expression. For many years now, a rapid signaling pathway mediated by cell membrane-associated estrogen receptors also has been recognized, but the physiological relevance of this pathway has remained unclear. In this issue of the JCI, Chambliss et al. provide new data to indicate that a...