Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is world’s endemic infection, especially in developing countries. In children, tuberculosis infection can be seen as the great masquerade because have non-specific symptoms. Diagnosis of tuberculosis infection is more difficult in children because of chest x-ray are less specific; standard sputum samples are often difficult to collect; lower bacterial loads made mi...

Deshpande et al. conclude that ethambutol (EMB) doses of 50 mg/kg of body weight twice a week would be the optimal clinical dose for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium (2). This was based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies using a hollow-fiber system model of intracellular M. avium, mimicking ethambutol human-like pharmacokinetics. This adds important information on the relationship b...

A woman developed peripheral neuropathy and optic neuritis while receiving ethambutol in the retreatment of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. There was prompt improvement in peripheral neuropathy and the ocular symptoms following the withdrawal of the drug. The clinical events in this case suggest that occasionally symptoms of peripheral neuropathy may precede the development of optic neur...

The addition of D-arabinose, D-galactose, D-glucosamine, or D-mannose to the growth medium of Mycobacterium smegmatis suppressed the inhibitory effects of ethambutol both on acetate labeling of cell wall-linked mycolic acids and on the increase in the delipidated cell dry weight. The addition of D-glucose or D-fructose had no effect. It is proposed that ethambutol inhibits an early step of gluc...

A whole genome sequencing was performed of strain M. tuberculosis 11502 (NCBI biosamples database, access code SAMN17832565) that assigned to the Beijing genotype subtype B0/W148 cluster 100-32, based on MIRU- VNTR loci (n = 24) structure, a nd t hat exhibited pre-extended d rug resistance. resistant isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, levofloxacin, and ethionamide, which correlated with presenc...

background : republic of azerbaijan is considered as an area with high prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. uncontrolled travelling of azerbaijanis people to iran is the issue that needs to be considered as an important issue. methods : this study was conducted on 32 patients with tuberculosis from baku–nakhchivan and 48 patients from iran during 2012 to 2014. colonies of mycobacter...