The importance of requirements for the whole development flow calls for strong validation techniques based on formal methods. In the case of discrete systems, some approaches based on temporal logic satisfiability are gaining increasing momentum. However, in many real-world domains (e.g. railways signaling), the requirements constrain the temporal evolution of both discrete and continuous varia...

Every technology and activity has safety rules, which are usually formulated explicitly, taught to those operating in the system and imposed on them. Safety rules also determine liability after accidents. Yet there is very little systematic scientific or management literature on how to devise and manage safety rules. This paper uses a simple framework to draw together what is known of good and ...

Ballast as a part of the railway system plays an important role in the operation of the railways and also has a great impact on repair and maintenance activities. Hence most of the repair and maintenance activities in traditional railway systems are due to the defections in the ballast layer and therefore most of the maintenance budget is spent on repairing these defects. These repair and maint...

Today the political rhetoric of the European Union is focused on the transformation from service/industrial to Information Society – the concept emphasizing the role of national and global information infrastructures in the economic development of the state (Castells, 1996). Guided by the vision as laid out in European Commission’s programme “eEurope,” European societies and economies are accel...

Railways were originally uniquely identified with the material of their initial construction and now are technically identified by the characteristic contact of ‘steel wheel on steel rail’. Over 160 years ago failures of iron railway axles led to research into what we now know as metal fatigue. Accidents throughout the ages have acted as catalysts for research and improvements: this lecture wil...

The main sources of funds for railway investment projects in Russia are still state and regional budgets, from the National Welfare Fund, net profit Russian Railways, pension savings Pension Fund Russia. reform system Ministry Railways creation JSC “Russian Railways”, which began 2016, has not yet released budget financing its needs, there been no active use private investment. Moreover, monopo...

Road and rail networks provide critical support for society, yet they can be degraded by seasonal soil movements. Currently, few transport network operators monitor small-scale soil movement, but understanding the conditions contributing to infrastructure failure can improve network resilience. Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) is a remote sensing technique offering the potential for n...

w bile the United States has been investing in costly park-and-ride systems that have made transit increasingly dependent on the automobile, European and Japanese communities have been strengthening the potential for people to walk and bicycle to and from transit, boosting ridership at a far lower cost. In Japan and much of Europe, the fastest-growing and often predominant access mode to suburb...