We present a framework of an online partial evaluator for a callby-value -calculus with destructive updates of data structures. It properly and correctly specializes expressions that contain sideeffects, while preserving pointer equality, which is an important property for programs using updates. Our partial evaluator uses a side-effect analysis to extract immutable data structures and then per...

This article presents an alternative method of type-directed partial evaluation, which is simpler and more efficient than previous methods. Unlike previous methods, it is straightforwardly applicable to functional languages with various powerful type systems. As an extreme instance, this article mainly deals with a dynamically-typed functional language like Scheme. The key idea is to extend pri...

Evaluation has become an applied science in its own right in the last 40 years. This guide reviews the history of programme evaluation through its initial concern with methodology, giving way to concern with the context of evaluation practice and into the challenge of fitting evaluation results into highly politicized and decentralized systems. It provides a framework for potential evaluators c...

OBJECTIVE This article explores the clinical, legal, and ethical problems that typically occur when a psychotherapist serves as both a treating clinician and forensic evaluator (or expert witness) in the same case. METHOD The professional literature, ethics codes, opinion surveys, and the changing economic and institutional contexts of psychotherapy are reviewed in order to identify obstacles...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the agreement and disagreement between the assessments by applying or not a patient classification instrument, and to investigate the association between the agreement and personal and professional characteristics of the evaluators. METHOD This is a descriptive exploratory study. 105 patients were hospitalized in a teaching hospital in the state of Sao Paulo, using the ka...

High levels of acute and chronic stress are known to impair problem-solving and creativity on a broad range of tasks. Despite this evidence, we know little about protective factors for mitigating the deleterious effects of stress on problem-solving. Building on previous research showing that self-affirmation can buffer stress, we tested whether an experimental manipulation of selfaffirmation im...

The preparation of rest seats must comply with specific sizes and shapes. Various technological systems such as Kavo PrepAssistant have been used as an auxiliary method to evaluate preclinical preparations more objectively. The aims of this study were to establish an alternative system for evaluating occlusal rest seats and to compare different types of assessment. Seventy-six undergraduate stu...

BACKGROUND The Modified Fresno Test was developed to assess knowledge and skills of both physical therapy (PT) professionals and students to use evidence-based practice (EBP). OBJECTIVES To translate the Modified Fresno Test into Brazilian-Portuguese and to evaluate the test's reproducibility. METHOD The first step consisted of adapting the instrument into the Brazilian-Portuguese language....

With me, it happened in the beginning of the last decade (1990). When the post of editor of the unit's periodical became vacant, the Director, like most Directors, looked around him in search of his best friend or his worst enemy. He picked me for one of those two reasons, which one of them I have not found out. But it really does not make that much of a difference given the size of the problem...

We describe an automated partial evaluator for evolving algebras implemented at the University of Michigan.