introduction: after low back pain, the neck pain is the most prevalent pain among (especially elderly) peoples. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of one period of exercise program on subjects neck rom and chronic neck pain. materials and methods:  for executing this study 60 elderly patient (24 males and 36 females) with mean age 56± 4.5 years old and 71± 4.4 kg with chronic...

a group of high school students attended 7 educational sessions for a preventive drug abuse program. the students were exposed to drug abusers and their families. drug abusers and their families informed the subjects about the consequences of addiction in their life: how they became addicted and how the addiction worsened their psychosocial life. moreover their families explained to students th...

We present a transformational approach to program verification and software model checking that uses three main ingredients: (i) Constraint Logic Programming (CLP), (ii) metaprogramming and program specialization, and (iii) proof by transformation. (i) Constraints are used for representing in a compact way (finite or infinite) sets of values or memory states, and logic is used for expressing pr...

This paper concerns the use of program slicing to perform a certain kind of program-specialization operation. We show that the specialization operation that slicing performs is different from the specialization operations performed by algorithms for partial evaluation, supercompilation, bifurcation, and deforestation. To study the relationship between slicing and these operations in a simplifie...

production of electricity for promotion of people’s welfares is inevitable.there are about 54000 mw of various power plants in iran. the type of power plants includes gas, steam, combined, hydro and a very minute amount of wind mills. the per capita electricity production is about 2200 kwh. power plants can impose adverse environmental impacts during construction and utilization phases. envir...

aims: adolescence is one the most precarious periods of life, concerning the drug abuse. the social cost of the drug abuse and injury among adolescents is extraordinary and requires intervention. the theory of planned behavior (tpb) is perhaps the most influential theory for prediction of social and health behaviors including drug abuse. this study aimed at designing and implementing a curricul...

audiovisual material accompanied by interlingual subtitles is a powerful pedagogical tool which can help improve the vocabulary learning of second-language learners. this study was intended to determine whether or not the mode (standard and reversed) of subtitling affects the incidental vocabulary acquisition of iranian l2 learners while watching tv programs. forty-five participants were random...

background: studies suggest that family caregivers of hemodialysis patients experience a high level of burden, which could lead to numerous physical and psychological problems. despite the need for adequate training and support, these caregivers are mostly neglected, and few studies have been performed in this regard. aim: to evaluate the effect of educational programs on the home care of hemod...

introduction: at the end of their education, nursing students have to acquire the minimum capabilities, essential for their professional job. the aim of this study was to determine the achievement of minimum learning requirements by midwifery students in school of nursing and midwifery of isfahan university of medical sciences. methods: a descriptive study as an educational evaluation based on ...