Field measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) find significantly higher mass loads than predicted by models, sparking intense effort focused on finding additional SOA sources but leaving the fundamental assumptions used by models unchallenged. Current air-quality models use absorptive partitioning theory assuming SOA particles are liquid droplets, forming instantaneous reversible equili...

The condensational growth of submicrometer aerosol particles to climate relevant sizes is sensitive to their ability to accommodate vapor molecules, which is described by the mass accommodation coefficient. However, the underlying processes are not yet fully understood. We have simulated the mass accommodation and evaporation processes of water using molecular dynamics, and the results are comp...

a School of Natural Resources, Conservation and Survey Division, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem Rakpart. 3–9, 1111 Budapest, Hungary Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA Department of Biological En...

The spectroscopy of trans-lead nuclei, e.g. actinide nuclei, produced in fusion evaporation reactions is hampered by the presence of a large fission background. A “filter” or “tag” is required to separate the γ rays of the evaporation residues from those of the fission products and other sources of background. There are several, complementary approaches to meet this requirement, including the d...

High energy fluxes on first wall materials and other c~ponents are encountered in magnetic fusion devices, particularly during hard plasma disruptions. A model to predict evaporation and melting is described which contains a formulation of the evaporation kinetics based on transport theory results. The effect of vapor shielding is evaluated under the assumption that plasma ions slowed down in t...

Agricultural water reservoirs (AWRs) are commonly used to guarantee water supply throughout the whole irrigation season in arid and semiarid areas. An important fraction of the total stored water is lost through evaporation, substantially decreasing overall irrigation efficiency. In this study, the effects of suspended shade cloth covers (SSCCs) on reducing evaporation and on the quality of the...