Assessment of malingering has become an integral part of many neuropsychological evaluations, particularly in forensic settings. However, traditional malingering measures are known to be vulnerable to both manipulation and coaching. Consequently, recent research has attempted to identify physiological indices of cognitive functioning that are less susceptible to overt manipulation. While prior ...

BACKGROUND Executive dysfunction has been reported in patients with subcortical-frontal pathology, even in the absence of dementia. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine if impairments in executive functioning could be found in non-demented patients with subcortical lacunes. METHODS Cross sectional comparison between older control subjects (n=27) and non-demented patients with on...

OBJECTIVE To experimentally test the hypothesis that people who repeatedly participate in forms of non-violent crime exhibit an executive deficit detected in tests of high ecological validity, having changes in prefrontal functioning as neurophysiologic basis. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A batteiy to assess executive dysfunction was administered--the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Sy...

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hospital for evaluation of a four-year history of progressive cognitive im pairment, irritable affect, gait impairment and incontinence. Thirty years earlier, she had undergone surgery and whole-brain radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions) for a right frontal oligodendroglioma. Her neurologic examination showed paratonia, primitive reflexes, hyperreflexia and difficulty initiating gait, despite p...

Apathy, defined as a reduction in voluntary goal-directed behaviors, is one of the most common behavioral symptoms encountered in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the processes underlying the different components of apathy are still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore a particularly important aspect of executive function in daily life: multitasking [assessed with the Modified Six Elem...

Insulin resistance (IR), diabetes mellitus (DM), sarcopenia, and cognitive dysfunction are thought to be mutually associated. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the relationships among IR, gait speed, hyperglycemia, and DM by cross-sectionally analyzing the baseline data of an interventional study for cognitive preservation with physical exercise (the TOyota Preventional Intervention fo...

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (TLE/HS) have a distinct neuropsychological profile, but there is still debate on whether executive dysfunction is part of this profile and also whether temporal lobe surgery can modify this dysfunction. Objective To study the presence and reversibility of executive dysfunction in patients with unilateral TLE/HS. Methods Twen...

AIMS To clarify whether patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have executive dysfunction, to identify the domains of executive function affected and to establish the severity of any dysfunction. METHODS A full-night polysomnography and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment focusing on executive functions were conducted on 40 newly diagnosed OSAS patients and 20 healthy...