abstract among activities that can be used to prevent piping phenomena and reduce seepage and exit gradient are installation of cutoff wall and drain under hydraulic structures. hence in this study, to investigating the influence of each mentioned parameter on uplift force and exit gradient a computer model has developed in which general equation of fluid flow into the isotropic and anisotropic...

in this paper, nonlinear vibration and instability response of an embedded pipe conveying viscose fluid is investigated. the pipe is considered as a timoshenko beam embedded on an elastic foundation which is simulated by spring constant of the winkler-model and the shear constant of the pasternak-model. the external flow force, acting on the beam in the direction of the flexural displacement is...

Background In contrast to cigarette smoking, the association between water pipe smoking and airway hyperresponsiveness remains widely unexplored. Methods A bronchoprovocation challenge with mannitol was performed in young adults recruited at the University of Basel, Switzerland. Subjects were categorized as acute water pipe smokers (single episode of water pipe smoking, no or <0.5 pack-years ...

In the present contribution optimization and simulation methods are investigated in order to attain optimal scaling of labial organ pipes. The goal is to determine the optimal dimensions of the pipe, by which a desired steady state sound spectrum can be achieved. By modifying the geometry of the pipe body, the eigenfrequencies of the acoustic resonator can be tuned in order to amplify or repres...

BACKGROUND The Federal excise tax was increased for tobacco products on April 1, 2009. While excise tax rates prior to the increase were the same for roll-your-own (RYO) and pipe tobacco, the tax on pipe tobacco was $21.95 per pound less than the tax on RYO tobacco after the increase. Subsequently, tobacco manufacturers began labeling loose tobacco as pipe tobacco and marketing these products t...

In the present study, an unlooped pulating heat pipe has been considered with two liquid slugs and three neighboirng vapor plugs.The governing equations such as momentum, energy and mass equations are solved explicitly except the energy equation of liquid slugs.The aim of the present study is to calculate the entropy generation through the performance of a pulsating heat pipe. Additionally, the...

This paper presents a numerical investigation of two horizontally mounted four-lobed swirl pipes in terms of swirl induction effectiveness into flows passing through them. The swirl flows induced by the two swirl pipes have the potential to improve the efficiency of Clean-In-Place procedures in a closed processing system by local intensification of hydrodynamic impact on the internal pipe surfa...

We study the Riemann problem for isothermal ow of a gas in a thin pipe with a kink in it. This is modeled by a 22 system of conservation laws with Dirac measure sink term concentrated at the location of the bends in the pipe. We show that the Riemann problem for this system of equations always has a unique solution, given an extra condition relating the speeds on both sides of the kink. Further...

Activation of Cdc14 phosphatase, controlled by a signalling cascade known as the mitotic exit network, is the final switch that drives cells from mitosis into the next cell cycle. The recent discovery of a novel network that regulates early Cdc14 activation has revealed the unexpected existence of a two-step control of mitotic exit.

This study examines a drunk driving population sentenced to a Day Reporting Center in a southwestern Indiana county from January 2002 through December 2003._ Specifically, using crosstqbulations and chi-square analyses, this study concentrates on the "exit status" and "post-program recidivism" among those participants._The results of this study suggest that placing convicted drink drivers in a ...