BACKGROUND Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition characterized by anomalies of the primary veins outside the skull that has been reported to be associated with MS. In the blinded Combined Transcranial (TCD) and Extracranial Venous Doppler Evaluation (CTEVD) study, we found that prevalence of CCSVI was significantly higher in multiple sclerosis (MS) vs. healt...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS We determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry nonenzymatic (F2-isoprostanes) and enzymatic oxidation products of arachidonic acid (prostaglandin F2α [PGF2α]) in plasma and CSF of 45 controls (other neurologic disease [OND] with no signs of inflammation) and 6...

Multiple sclerosis is a disease of unknown aetiology. Despite several advances in therapy in recent years, some problems such as the prognostic criteria are imperfectly understood. Several experimental trials of therapy in multiple sclerosis are in course in order to discover a successful treatment. Most of these research studies use a clinical rating scale named Expanded Disability Status Scal...

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BACKGROUND Behavioral changes are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), however not as readily recognized as cognitive impairments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze behavioral changes and its relation to disease characteristics, disability, and cognitive impairments in patients with MS. METHOD This is a single-center cross-sectional study. A detailed neuropsychologi...

background: in adults, throughout life, uniqueness maintains the equivalent; but, it might be tailored in the track of neurological disarrays. as in the partition of cognitive function associated with multiple sclerosis (ms), numerous studies have been performed, but there are very few reports in this area of behavior. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of personality types...

Background: Fear of falling (FOF) is a permanent concern and may limit daily activities and diminish confidence in balance abilities, leading to muscular deterioration, sedentary lifestyle, and reduced quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between multiple sclerosis severity and FOF with mediating roles of disability, cognitive factors, and physical factors am...

(1.2) but increases to 4.2 when age at onset is 13–15 years [3] . The loss of locomotor function, as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, takes longer from the time of first attack in pediatricversus adult-onset MS, but pediatric patients reach disability milestones at a younger age than their adult counterparts. Comparative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown a hig...

background: although the precise etiology of multiple sclerosis (ms) is unknown, it seems that both genetic and environmental factors are important. recent studies suggest that low serum vitamin d levels are important environmental factor in ms. the aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of vitamin d between ms patients and healthy subjects, and to determine its association with disa...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Although the relationships among physical disability, mood disorders, and pain are well described in multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about whether those symptoms associated with sleep disturbances. METHODS Forty-six patients MS experiencing participated. Sleep was indirectly measured by assessing rest-activity rhythm via actigraphy: interdaily stability, intradaily ...