We show that QED nonlinear effects imply a phase correction to the linear evolution of electromagnetic waves in vacuum. We provide explicit solutions of the modified Maxwell equations for the propagation of a superposition of two plane waves and calculate analytically and numerically the corresponding phase shift. This provides a new framework for the search of all-optical signatures of photon-...

This paper 1 proposes a method for fully automatic segmen-tation of brain tissues and MR bias eld correction using a digital brain atlas. We have extended the EM segmentation algorithm, including an explicit parametric model of the bias eld. The algorithm interleaves classiication with parameter estimation, yielding better results at every iteration. The method can handle multi-channel data and...

This formulation requires well defined boundary conditions; and solvers to those systems are, so far, computationally expensive. The existing SPH-algorithm solves the dynamic in a Projection-Correction Scheme extrapolate the ˆ uk+1, the velocity-projection, without pressure term and later correct it via solving the p as an explicit function of density. Moreover, since field variables is approxi...

Recently, active research has been conducted on Korean grammatical error correction machine translation (MT) and automatic noise generation. However, there is no gold-standard test set for objective official comparative analysis. A significant limitation measuring the ill-defined performance because experimental types in train are also included set. Moreover, training Additionally, of errors qu...

In this paper, we examine an emerging combination of challenges for TCP: increasingly bursty background traffic that is not subject to flow and congestion control, higher bandwidth networks and small buffers at network routers. As a result, TCP experiences short-term bursty packet losses that may not reflect long-term congestion. In this work, we propose a balanced approach that uses TCP conges...

The Taylor series method is one of the earliest analytic-numeric algorithms for approximate solution of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations. Currently this algorithm is not applied frequently. This is because when one solves systems of ordinary differential equations, calculating the higher order derivatives formally is an over-elaborate task, this is true even if one use...