interest free banking law at 1363 was implemented in the banking system in iran. one of the main goals of this law was eliminating usury from monetary system, and utilization from non-usury credit impact on economic growth through preferring money contribution in the capital. this paper uses data from years 1363 to 1386 and implementing herfindahl-hirschman index, evaluated and ranked concentra...

for management override of controls. Auditors are discouraged from placing too much reliance on client representation and are required to maintain a skeptical attitude throughout the audit. The standard encourages auditors to engage in frequent discussion among engagement personnel regarding the risk of material misstatement due to fraud. SAS 99 also requires auditors to inquire of management a...

In this issue of Blood, we are pleased to introduce a new Continuing Medical Education (CME) feature, appearing monthly. For many years ASH has provided CME credits for the annual meeting and other educational meetings sponsored by the society. In surveying society members, more CME activities has been a frequent request. To this end, the Society and Blood explored offering CME credits for sele...

Past research provides initial evidence that errors pertaining to undesired (vs. desired) self-standards are of greater motivational significance, but little is known about how quickly people recognize and respond to such errors. To examine immediate responses to errors pertaining to desired and undesired self-standards, we assessed event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants judged self...