background: assisted reproductive techniques (art) are used with increasing frequency worldwide. the present research was conducted to determine the effects of art on hearing defects and ear abnormalities. materials and methods: n a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-randomized study, the status of hearing and ear abnormalities was assessed in 300 newborns conceived by art at royan institute, te...

In a previous work we demonstrated that, in dialyzed squid axons, an impairment of the Ca2+(i)-regulatory site affected the apparent affinities for external Na+ and Ca2+ in a way opposite to that predicted by the exiting (ping-pong) models for the exchangers. In the present work, we used model simulations and actual experiments where the Ca2+(i)-regulatory remained always saturated while [Ca2+]...

Penicillium chrysogenum utilizes phenylacetic acid as a side chain precursor in penicillin G biosynthesis. During industrial production of penicillin G, phenylacetic acid is fed in small amounts to the medium to avoid toxic side effects. Phenylacetic acid is taken up from the medium and intracellularly coupled to 6-aminopenicillanic acid. To enter the fungal cell, phenylacetic acid has to pass ...