In many applications of Wiener filtering to noise cancellation an external reference noise in— put is required. However, if an external reference is not available, it is still possible to suppress additive noise using a Wiener linear prediction filter (LPF) provided the signal bandwidth is significantly less than the noise bandwidth. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical basis f...

A measurement apparatus is designed and fabricated to measure the effective thermal conductivity (keff) of a VIP (vacuum insulation panel) core specimen under various vacuum states and external loads. The apparatus consists of part for measuring keff, and parts for controlling external load and vacuum condition. Uncertainty of the apparatus is validated by measuring the standard reference mater...

Case reports of cancer of the ear began to appear about 1875. Furstenberg (19240 stated that carcinoma of the ear was first reported around 1775 by Wilde, Schwartze and others, but this statement is wrong: first because histopathology was not available in 1775; and second because Wilde was not born until 1815 and Schwartze not until 1837! This typographical error was later copied by others and ...

Background: Normoxic type MAGICA gel dosimeters are established for dose quantification in three dimensions for radiotherapy. Objective(s): The ability of MAGICA polymer gel was assessed by experimental measurements method for studying the effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in dose enhancement under the external 18MV radiotherapy practices. <...

Avian mortality events are common following large-scale oil spills. However, the sublethal effects of oil on birds exposed to light external oiling are not clearly understood. We found that American oystercatchers (area of potential impact n = 42, reference n = 21), black skimmers (area of potential impact n = 121, reference n = 88), brown pelicans (area of potential impact n = 91, reference n ...

In this paper, we propose a new bootstrap technique to build domain-dependent language models. We assume that a seed corpus consisting of a small amount of data relevant to the new domain is available, which is used to build a reference language model. We also assume the availability of an external corpus, consisting of a large amount of data from various sources, which need not be directly rel...

Current four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) imaging techniques using multislice CT scanners require retrospective sorting of the reconstructed two-dimensional (2D) CT images. Most existing sorting methods depend on externally monitored breathing signals recorded by extra instruments. External signals may not always accurately capture the breathing status and may lead to severe discon...

Arterial selection for reference time-enhancement curve generation in deconvolution-based perfusion CT (PCT) studies of the head and neck is under-evaluated. This study of 11 patients with confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma demonstrates significant correlation (range, r = 0.85-0.95) between perfusion parameter values derived with internal carotid artery (ICA) as compared to an exte...