We have shown previously that the gain of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (HVOR) is modified by afferent signals from extraocular muscle proprioceptors in the decerebrate pigeon. We have now analysed the variability of the HVOR in intact, alert pigeons and, using the artificial vestibulo-ocular reflex method, have found that in all of the pigeons tested afferent signals from the extraocu...

We investigated the organization of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and the T cell receptor beta chain (T$) gene loci in 20 ocular adnexal and four extraocular lymphoid neoplasms obtained from 1 8 patients presenting with an ocular adnexal lymphoid neoplasm. Fifteen ocular adnexal and four extraocular lymphoid neoplasms occurring in 1 3 patients were classified by morphological examination...

The stop signal task is used to investigate motor inhibition. Several groups have reported partial electromyogram (EMG) activation when subjects successfully withhold manual responses and have used this finding to define the nature of response inhibition properties in the spinal motor system. It is unknown whether subthreshold EMG activation from extraocular muscles can be detected in the sacca...

It has been established that the extraocular muscles of several mammalian species possess two different types of muscle fibers, twitch and slow fibers, with distinct differences in their respective fine structures (1-8). In this investigation we have examined the fine structure of isolated and identified extraocular muscle fibers in rabbit. Though there has been general agreement on the differe...

We aimed at testing potential effects of extraocular bright light via the ear canals on human evening melatonin levels, sleepiness and psychomotor vigilance performance. Twenty healthy young men and women (10/10) kept a regular sleep-wake cycle during the 2-week study. The volunteers reported to the laboratory on three evenings, 2 h 15 min before usual bedtime, on average at 21:45 h. They were ...

It has been established that the extraocular muscles of several mammalian species possess two different types of muscle fibers, twitch and slow fibers, with distinct differences in their respective fine structures (1-8). In this investigation we have examined the fine structure of isolated and identified extraocular muscle fibers in rabbit. Though there has been general agreement on the differe...

AIM To assess levels of soluble Fas (sFas) in the sera of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. METHODS The subjects in this study were 43 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy and 11 normal subjects. Serum levels of sFas were determined by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, serum levels of thyroid stimulating antibody (TSAB) were also measured in all the patients. RESU...

Jonathan Hutchinson (1865-6) was the first person to distinguish herpes zoster ophthalmicus from erysipelas, and he described 18 cases, one of which developed a third nerve palsy. Hutchinson stated that zoster never affected the cheek at all, but a few years later Head and Campbell (1900) described a case with affection of the mandibular branch; Paton (1926) reported a case with involvement of ...

Kimura's disease (KD) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder, which is characterized by tumor-like masses mainly located in the head and neck region. Extraocular muscle involvement in KD is uncommon. We report a case of KD that involved both the extraocular muscles and buccal area. A 13-year-old male presented to our clinic with a two-year history of exophthalmos of the left eye and facial sw...

PURPOSE Compartmentalization of the extraocular muscles into well-defined orbital and global layers is highly conserved. Recently, the active pulley hypothesis correlated the anatomic properties of orbital-global muscle layers with layer-specific division of labor. Microarray technology was used to identify muscle-layer-specific transcriptional profiles and, thereby, extend understanding of the...