Even though auditory stimuli do not directly convey information related to visual stimuli, they often improve visual detection and identification performance. Auditory stimuli often alter visual perception depending on the reliability of the sensory input, with visual and auditory information reciprocally compensating for ambiguity in the other sensory domain. Perceptual processing is character...

With the advent of social applications, the question arises of how organizations can utilize such technology for improving task performance. While social applications certainly bear the potential to trigger the development of radically new business models and business processes, we seek to study how the enrichment of IT-based routine work (simple tasks) by complementing social features (audienc...

Two experiments examined the course of interference and facilitation in the Stroop (1935) task during training. Two versions of the task were compared: integrated (e.g., the word RED in the color green) and separated (e.g., green asterisks above the word RED). Stimuli were congruent (RED in red), incongruent (GREEN in red), or neutral (XXX in red). Over 5-day (Experiment 1) and 10-day (Experime...

In cross-dimensional visual search tasks, target discrimination is faster when the previous trial contained a target defined in the same visual dimension as the current trial. The dimension-weighting account (DWA; A. Found & H. J. Müller, 1996) explains this intertrial facilitation by assuming that visual dimensions are weighted at an early perceptual stage of processing. Recently, this view ha...

Despite vigorous research on risk communication, little is known about the social forces that drive these choices. Erev, Wallsten, & Neal (1991) showed that forecasters learn to select verbal or numerical probability estimates as a function of which mode yields on average the larger group payoffs. We extend the result by investigating the effect of group size on the speed with which forecasters...

Vigilance is the ability of an observer to maintain attention for extended periods of time; however, performance tends to decline with time on watch, a pattern referred to as the vigilance decrement. Previous research has focused on factors that attenuate the decrement; however, one factor rarely studied is the effect of social facilitation. The purpose for the present investigation was to dete...

Title of Document: SOCIAL FACILITATION AND MOTOR PERFORMANCE: A META-ANALYSIS David P. Oviatt, Master of Arts, 2005 Directed By: Dr. Seppo Iso-Ahola, Department of Kinesiology The purpose of this study was to examine the specific social conditions and contexts in which motor performance is facilitated or inhibited and to synthesize the findings of previous research into the theoretical framewor...

To be functionally relevant during movement, the transmission from primary afferents must be efficiently controlled by presynaptic inhibition. Sensory feedback, central pattern generators, and supraspinal structures can all evoke presynaptic inhibition, but we do not understand how these inputs interact during movement. Here, we investigated the convergence of inputs from the reticular formatio...

Acoustic environmental noise, even of low to moderate intensity, is known to adversely affect information processing in animals and humans via attention mechanisms. In particular, facilitation and inhibition of information processing are basic functions of selective attention. Such mechanisms can be investigated by analyzing brain potentials under conditions of externally directed attention (in...

We investigated the neural basis of repetition priming (RP) during mathematical cognition. Previous studies of RP have focused on repetition suppression as the basis of behavioral facilitation, primarily using word and object identification and classification tasks. More recently, researchers have suggested associative stimulus-response learning as an alternate model for behavioral facilitation...