We have approached the study of growth factors affecting cartilage and bone development by investigating those factors present in bone which are able to initiate new cartilage and bone formation in vivo. This has led to the identification and molecular cloning of seven novel human factors which we have named BMP-1 through BMP-7. Six of these molecules are related to each other, and are also dis...

Although infections are a major concern in patients with primary systemic vasculitis, actual knowledge about risk factors and evidence concerning the use of anti-infective prophylaxis from clinical trials are scarce. The use of high dose glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide pose a definite risk for infections. Bacterial infections are among the most frequent causes of death, with Staphylococcus...

Animal-based food products play a significant role in the current U.S. diet. In 2003, the total meat consumption per capita was 90.5 kg/year [U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2005]. Since the U.S. has a high consumption of animal-based food products, the animal feed ingredients are fundamentally important. The ingredients can affect not only the quality of the animal-based food products, b...

Triathlon is a multisport event consisting of sequential swim, cycle, and run disciplines performed over a variety of distances. This complex and unique sport requires athletes to appropriately distribute their speed or energy expenditure (ie, pacing) within each discipline as well as over the entire event. As with most physical activity, the regulation of pacing in triathlon may be influenced ...

Tuberculosis (TB) is infectious but curable. In South Africa, TB treatment is free of charge at clinic level. However, many patients do not complete their treatment and develop multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensive drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) which is very expensive to treat and can be fatal. The researcher was therefore prompted to investigate how TB patients perceived the disease and ...

The swelling of the corneal buttons in aqueous solution can be prevented by adding high molecular weight solutes to the bathing medium. In appropriate concentrations of these colloidal substances the button can be dehydrated, a matter of some significance in clinical situations. Swelling of the cornea in the intact eye in vitro can be similarly prevented. The suggestion is made that swelling is...

Pelleting was introduced into Europe about 1920 and into the U.S. feed industry in the late 1920's (Schoeff, 1994). Its popularity has grown steadily until about 80% of all feed in the U.S. are currently pelleted. Today, the process is widely used because of both the physical and the nutritional benefits it provides. The physical benefits include improved ease of handling, reduced ingredient se...

An increasing number of countries are requiring an extended learner permit prior to independent driving. The question of when drivers begin the learner permit period, and how long they hold the permit before advancing to independent licensure has received little research attention. Licensure timing is likely to be related to "push" and "pull" factors which may encourage or inhibit the process. ...

Dear Sir: We have concerns with the recent publication by Jutla and colleagues, which aims to describe the environmental factors influencing epidemic cholera. 1 Regarding cholera in Haiti, the authors challenged the findings of many studies showing that the epidemic likely originated from the importation of toxi-genic Vibrio cholerae by Nepalese peacekeepers in October 2010. 2–5 Instead, they a...