Weak fairness guarantees that continuously enabled actions are executed infinitely often. Strong fairness, on the other hand, guarantees that actions that are enabled infinitely often (but not necessarily continuously) are executed infinitely often. In this paper, we present a distributed algorithm for scheduling actions for execution. Assuming weak fairness for the execution of this algorithm,...

We study the packet dispersion phenomenon that a traffic flow experiences when it passes through a router. We show that when there are competing flows and the router schedules packets first-come-first-served (FCFS), the dispersion is not described well by the bottleneck spacing effect. We therefore introduce the term FCFS-spacing effect. We also show that for a router implementing weighted fair...

the principle of formality –free protection is an international principle in the copyright and it was stabilized in the berne convention. but this principle has not been studied in iran and evaluation of the principle is very vital because easier access to the works and fair trial. recent paper has attempted to study this principle in light of the berne convention and analyzes and interprets th...

This dissertation studies bad behavior at large-scale using data traces from online video games. Video games provide a natural laboratory for exploring bad behavior due to their popularity, explicitly defined (programmed) rules, and a competitive nature that provides motivation for bad behavior. More specifically, we look at two forms of bad behavior: cheating and toxic behavior. Cheating is mo...

Did fair value accounting play a role in the current financial crisis? This appendix explores the issue. Fair value accounting implies that assets and liabilities get measured and reflected on a firm`s financial statements at their market value, or close substitutes. Extensive academic research done over the past 20 years shows that financial statements that reflect the market values of assets ...

We consider scheduling policies for maxmin fair allocation of bandwidth in wireless adhoc networks. We formalize the maxmin fair objective under wireless scheduling constraints. We propose a fair scheduling which assigns dynamic weights to the flows such that the weights depend on the congestion in the neighborhood and schedule the flows which constitute a maximum weighted matching. It is possi...

Class-based traffic treatment frameworks such as Differentiated Service (DiffServ) have been proposed to resolve the poor scalability problem in the flow-based approach. Although the performance is differentiated in a class-based basis, the performance seen by individual flows in the same class may differ from that seen by the class and has not been well understood. We investigate this issue by...

What are the health impacts of retirement? As talk of raising retirement ages in pensions and social security schemes continues around the world, it is important to know both the costs and benefits for the individual, as well as the governments' budgets. In this paper we use the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) dataset to address this question in a multi-country setting...