The study was carried out to determine the effect of season calving, stage lactation and parity on 207 cattle compromising Sahiwal (107) Karan Fries (100) different parities stages.In cows, Season had significant all milk composition traits viz., average test day yield (ATDMY), fat (ATDFY), solid not (ATDSNFY), protein percentage (ATDP%) lactose (ATDLY). In non-significant whereas, in ATDMY, AT...

BACKGROUND Ethiopia has high prevalences of udder health problems including clinical and subclinical mastitis across production systems in different livestock species. Previous studies on udder health problems have largely focused on identification of mastitis causing microbial pathogens and associated risk factors. However, relatively little is known about the knowledge and beliefs of livestoc...

This study was designed to explore the relationship between cow and udder cleanliness scores and the risk of isolation of Klebsiella spp. from lower hind legs and teat ends, respectively. The distribution of Klebsiella species was compared among isolates from teat ends, legs, and cases of clinical mastitis obtained from 2 dairy farms in New York State, with 850 and 1,000 cows, respectively. Far...

background:mastitis is the most economically importantdisease in dairy industry worldwide. bulk tank milk (btm)analysis has been suggested for monitoring the udder healthstatus at herd level. objectives: a cross-sectional study wasconducted to evaluate udder health status in 15 holstein dairyfarms located in qom province. methods: bulk tank somaticcell count (btmscc) was analyzed using opto-flu...

The dairy industry requires raw milk of high quality in order to produce milk products of high quality and quantity. Mastitis is one of the most prevalent and economically important production diseases in dairy cattle. It causes increased somatic cell count (SCC), deteriorated milk composition and consequently altered processing properties of milk. Altered milk composition due to mastitis often...

Teat and udder affections are common in domestic animals. Early diagnosis and treatment of diseases of teat and udder is very important for maintenance of their health. Anatomy The udder of the cow and buffalo have four quarters each of which is a separate unit. Each quarter is an independent compartment. Affection of one quarter does not necessitate the involvement of the other quarters. In bu...

The objective of this study was to review the possible relationships between hyperketonemia and the function of phagocytes with respect to the bovine udder defense mechanism. We hypothesize that an increased incidence of clinical mastitis in high-producing cows is caused by the impairment of the udder defense mechanism during hyperketonemia. First, we review the acute phase of udder defense mec...

Sows that lie on their young, pig "crushing", is a significant cause of pig mortality in current production systems. Although mortality rates of pigs in farrowing crates are lower than mortality rates of pigs in pens, loss due to crushing is still estimated to be between 4.8 and 18%. During the first few days after parturition, pigs are highly attracted to the odor of their dam's udder. Thus, o...

This study describes milk production and milk composition of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) females (hinds) and the effect of calving date and BW change of hinds by milking over 34 wk. All hinds produced milk throughout the 34-wk study period, well over the standard lactation period. Total milk yield was 224.1 +/- 21.1 L, and daily production was 0.91 +/- 0.06 L. Milk yield decrea...

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between udder and leg hygiene scores of lactating dairy cattle and measures of subclinical mastitis. Study animals (n = 1250) consisted of lactating dairy cows from eight commercial dairy farms. Herds were enrolled during December 2000 and January 2001 and were visited bimonthly for a total of five visits per herd. Udder and leg hygi...