OBJECTIVES The introduction of fluoride releasing sealants and glass ionomer cements as fissure sealants adds another dimension to prevention of pit and fissure caries. The ability of resin sealants and glass ionomer cements to release fluoride on a long term basis to the sealed enamel and the adjacent unsealed pit and fissure and cuspal incline enamel may allow for further reduction in pit and...

BACKGROUND The superior orbital fissure is a small area that connects the middle cranial fossa and the orbit. Many studies have measured the size of the superior orbital fissure. However, there is no standard value for the size of the superior orbital fissure. Therefore, we conducted this study to provide the average size of the superior orbital fissure in Korean adults. METHODS We measured t...

The optic fissure is a transient gap in the developing vertebrate eye, which must be closed as development proceeds. A persisting optic fissure, coloboma, is a major cause for blindness in children. Multiple factors are genetically linked to coloboma formation. However, especially the process of optic fissure fusion is still largely elusive on a cellular and molecular basis. We found a coloboma...

PURPOSE This is a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials to assess the efficacy and morbidity of medical therapies for anal fissure. METHODS Medline and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and the Cochrane Colorectal Cancer Review Groups Controlled Trials Register were searched using the terms "anal fissure randomized" from 1966 to 2002. Studies in which participants were randomiz...

Introduction: Due to concerns about histological caries and recurrent caries after the use of sealants, adhesive systems containing fluoride and antibacterial agents have been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of sealants after the use of antibacterial chlorhexidine solution on etched enamel with and without the use of fifth- and sixth-generation adhesive systems....

BACKGROUND Bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation (BTVA) ablates emphysematous tissue through a localized inflammatory response followed by contractive fibrosis and tissue shrinkage leading to lung volume reduction that should not be influenced by collateral ventilation. OBJECTIVES To determine the correlation of clinical data from a trial of BTVA with fissure integrity visually assessed by com...

rowing and undermining the perineal and circumanal structures, for months and even years, before it is brought under the notice of the operating surgeon. For this reason it will be found that the fistula has in most case3 made its way as far as the external coat of the bowel; and this circumstance has suggested a mode of operating which I have now practised for several years without a single fa...

INTRODUCTION Central airway nitric oxide flux (J'(awNO)) and peripheral airway/alveolar nitric oxide concentration (C(ANO)) during asthma exacerbation has not been investigated after correction for axial NO back-diffusion. METHODS After measuring exhaled NO (fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (F(E)NO); ppb) at 50, 100, 150 and 200 ml/s, J'(awNO) (nl/s) and C(ANO) (ppb) were calculated using the...