background: the modeling aims to simulate or optimize a process in physical, chemical or biological environments and the derived model will provide a considerable assistance to generate data and predict unknown condition, in case of sufficient suitability. unsuitable disposal and elimination of waste tires have polluted the environment and human life areas, it also have caused removal of a huge...

Packed bed reactor finds wide application in wastewater treatments. Packed bed reactors can be employed for aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater. They can also be used for physico-chemical treatments such as activated carbon adsorption of various pollutants from wastewater. Packed beds with up flow and down flow mechanisms are widely used for wastewater treatment. Use of flu...

This paper reports the findings of a FP7 project (DEMCAMER) that developed materials (catalysts and membranes) and new processes for four industrially relevant reaction processes. In this project, active, stable, and selective catalysts were developed for the reaction systems of interest and their production scaled up to kg scale (TRL5 (TRL: Technology Readiness Level)). Simultaneously, new mem...

In a fixed bed of porous catalyst pellets, there are developed two composition and temperature fields, one in the fluid phase and the other one at the level of solid pellets. The objective of this work is to evaluate, by numerical simulation, the unsteady state behavior of a catalyst pellet in typical operating conditions for methanol synthesis reactors. The process kinetics was described by th...

Fixed-bed reactors have gained growing attention for the cultivation of mammalian cells. They allow for a low shear stress cultivation of adherent and non-adherent cells due to the immobilization of cells within macroporous carriers. Their potential has been demonstrated for many cell culture purposes. Some of the recent developments are presented in this review, including improved antibody pro...

In the present study a practical model useful for designers dealing with pilot scale reactors for pollutant control has been developed. Investigations were undertaken for a single-component lead study on New Zealand clinoptilolite at the temperature of 25+/-1 degrees C. Fifteen runs under different operating conditions such as particle characteristics (expressed as d*(p)/D), column geometry (as...

In the tritium breeding blanket of nuclear fusion reactors, heat transfer behavior and thermal-mechanical response breeder pebble bed are affected by inner packing structure, which is crucial for design optimization a reliable in blanket. Thus, effect size distribution fixed wall on structure contact force poly-disperse were investigated numerical simulation. The results show that has significa...

The problem of designing the pellet characteristics for existing fixed-bed reactors has been studied. The reactor is assumed to be a unidimensional, plug-flow, heterogeneous type. Three particle shapes, two intraparticle mass transfer mechanisms, two kinds of film resistance to mass transfer and two poisoning patterns have been considered. An economic balance to both product market price and pe...

Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a promising process for power generation with low energy penalty and in-situ CO2 capture. In this work, we focus on the integration of high-pressure, fixed-bed CLC reactors with combined cycle (CC) power plants. We deal with the discontinuous operation of fixedbed reactors and the dynamic simulation of CLC-CC power plants, which is nontrivial. Modern power p...

Two up-flow fixed bed reactors (UFBR) were operated for 8 months treating a model synthetic wastewater containing 2-fluorobenzoate (2-FB) and dichloromethane (DCM). The stability of the reactors under dynamic conditions, that is, sequentially alternating pollutants (SAP), shock loads, and starvation periods was assessed. Two support materials were used: expanded clay (EC) that does not adsorb 2...