dividend policy is one of the most important financial decisions that managers encounter. this study contributes to the literature of dividend and empirical research investigating the effects of dynamic factors in tehran stock exchange. based on some criteria, the study contains 133 listed firms over a 10-year period from 2001 to 2010. to test the research hypotheses, this study uses fixed effe...

the main objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for multi-trait evaluation of birth weight (bw), gestation length (gl) and calving difficulty (cd) in first-parity iranian holstein dairy cattle. the data included 29,950 calving records collected during 1995 to 2014 by the animal breeding and improvement center of iran. a threshold-linear sire-maternal grandsire model was ...

An economic order quantity model with a time-dependent demand, fixed cost and holding is developed. It provides quantitative insight into serious practical problem where costs are incurred even when an not placed. The effect of on the inventory examined. Previous models incorporating demand rate assume that constant for entire cycle. considered as increasing function time spent in storage. Diff...

Our answer is the latter. Space-time singularities, including the initial one, are described by world-sheet topological Abelian gauge theories with a Chern-Simons term. Their effective N = 2 supersymmetry provides an initial fixed point where the Bogomolny bound is saturated on the world-sheet, corresponding to an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom solution in space-time. Away from the singularity the ...

Disease-mapping models for areal data often have fixed effects to measure the effect of spatially varying covariates and random effects with a conditionally autoregressive (CAR) prior to account for spatial clustering. In such spatial regressions, the objective may be to estimate the fixed effects while accounting for the spatial correlation. But adding the CAR random effects can cause large ch...

• ORA vs. B>1 indicates a higher response rate in favour of treatment A. • The DIC (Deviance Information Criterion) is commonly used to select fixed vs. random effects model • DIC represents a trade-off between model adequacy and complexity (i.e. complex models, for example a random effect vs a fixed effect model, are penalised) • The model associated with the lowest DIC is selected, considerin...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Neutropenia is a serious adverse event for patients who are treated with cetuximab, an inhibitor of endothelial growth factor receptor. However, there is no consistent result of the relationship between cetuximab and neutropenia in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of published RCTs to assess the overall risk of neutropenia asso...

If Y is a subset of the space × , we call a pair of continuous functions U , V Y -compatible, if they map the space n into itself and satisfy Ux ·V y > 0, for all (x, y) ∈ Y with x · y > 0. (Dot denotes inner product.) In this paper a nonlinear two point boundary value problem for a second order ordinary differential n-dimensional system is investigated, provided the boundary conditions are giv...

In a meta-analysis, it is important to specify a model that adequately describes the effect-size distribution of the underlying population of studies. The conventional normal fixed-effect and normal random-effects models assume a normal effect-size population distribution, conditionally on parameters and covariates. For estimating the mean overall effect size, such models may be adequate, but f...