The protonephridial systems of a number of metazoa consist, in part, of flame cells or flame bulbs which are specialized structures attached to paired collecting tubules. In rotifers, each tubule is said to bear two to eight (1) or more (2) flame bulbs. These structures are located in the pseu-docoelomic cavity and are believed to function in the control of osmotic pressure and, possibly, in th...

the flame propagation through a coal dust-air mixture in a spherical vessel was studied by means of a one-dimensional, arrhenius-type kinetics and quasi-steady model. the model includes the evaporation of the volatile matter of dust particles into a known gaseous fuel (methane) and the single-stage reaction of the gas-phase combustion. effect of venting devices as safety idea and the radiation ...

Predictions of scalar mixing and the scalar dissipation rate from large-eddy simulations of a piloted nonpremixed methane/air diffusion flame (Sandia flame D) using the Lagrangian-type flamelet model are presented. The results obtained for the unconditionally filtered scalar dissipation rate are qualitatively compared with general observations of scalar mixing from experiments in non-reactive a...

A non-sooting lifted methane/air coflowing non-premixed flame has been studied experimentally and computationally. The flame structure was computed using a model that solves the fully elliptic governing equations, utilizes detailed transport coefficients and a chemical kinetic mechanism with C1 to C6 hydrocarbons, and includes an optically thin radiation submodel. Gas temperature, major species...

In a recent numerical paper (Nicoli et al. Combust. Sci. Technol. vol. 186, pp. 103-119; 2014) [1], a model of isobaric flame propagation in lean sprays has been proposed. The initial state of the monodisperse mists was schematized by a system of individual alkane droplets initially located at the nodes of a facecentered 2D-lattice, surrounded by a saturated mixture of alkane and air. In the pr...

In this investigation our objective is 1) to compare the similitude between an unsteady, two-dimensional (axisymmetric), partially premixed  ame and an analogous steady, partially premixed  amelet to determine if state relationshipsin terms ofamodiŽ ed conserved scalar applyand2) to investigate amestructure interactionsbetween the various reaction zones contained in partially premixed  ames...

A numerical investigation of high pressure, counterflow methane-air partially premixed flames (PPFs) is presented to characterize the effect of pressure on flame structure. Four different mechanisms, namely GRI-2.11, GRI-3.0, the San Diego, and the C2 mechanisms have been examined. The mechanisms have been validated by comparing the predicted laminar flame speeds with experimental data. While t...