A new parameterization of the lightning-produced NOx has been developed for cloud-resolving models. This parameterization is based on the unique characteristics of identifying which convective cells are capable of producing lightning based on a vertical velocity threshold and estimating the lightning flash rate in each convective cell from the non-precipitation and precipitation ice mass flux p...

Rich Internet Applications (RIA) require fast execution time and allow richer, faster, and more interactive experiences. Flash is a common technology for building RIAs. Flash programmers usually specialize in graphic design rather than programming. In addition, the tight schedule of projects makes the Flash programmers ignore non-functional characteristics such as the efficiency of their system...

The Solid State Disk (SSD) implemented using NAND flash memory significantly outperforms conventional rotating magnetic disk drive in read performance. However, write performance of flash based SSDs can be up to an order of magnitude slower than its read performance. This fundamental disparity is caused by the fact that flash write operations are immutable and a data sector must be erased befor...

This paper describes the usability of the vector-based animation program Macromedia Flash for presentations. After short overviews of common presentation techniques, advantages and disadvantages, useful features of Flash are described in detail. The function and performance of Flash for interactive e-learning applications is then presented, demonstrating the advantage of rich client technology ...

The brightness of a flash of light is reduced if it is followed a short time later by a second flash presented to a different region of the retina. Interaction between the rod and cone systems is examined in this after-flash effect for after-flash delays of from 300 to 1000 msec. The data indicate that rod-cone interaction in the effect can occur, and that in the dark-adapted eye the after-flas...

The brightness of a brief flash of light is reduced by the suitable presentation of a second flash in an adjacent region of the visual field. This making effect (metacontrast) can be induced dichoptically, that is with the test flash presented to one eye and the masking flash to the other. By a suitable choice of wavelengths and conditioning field, the test flash may be arranged to effectively ...

NAND flash memory does not support the overwrite operation and thus it deploys the flash translation layer which performs the out-place update. When designing a flash translation layer, memory consumption, computation complexity, and garbage collection overhead should be low. However, the representative sector mapping scheme of flash translation layer, FAST causes a huge computation complexity ...

To take a picture of scene, we acquire multiple images under different levels of flash intensity (possibly just " flash on " and " flash off "), and let the user subsequently adjust the flash level continuously by interpolating among the stored images. Camera motion is corrected using image registration techniques robust to intensity differences. Flash adjustment occurs either immediately on th...

The Flash crowds are rapid increase in access to contents of web sites, which makes the web sites inaccessible, leaving the clients with unsatisfied requests. The major shortcoming of flash crowds researches is that they do not assist vital resizing feature of a cloud of the surrogates; the surrogates involved in the alleviation process do not change from the start to the end of flash crowds. O...