A quantitative understanding of how forests work, both before and after (prescribed and wild) fi re, is essential to management. Yet acquiring the kind of broad yet detailed information needed for many management decisions can be costly, tedious, and time-consuming. After two sweeping wildfi res in the Missouri River Breaks area of eastern Montana—the Indian and Germaine wildfi res—some researc...

Cognitive flexibility is the ability to adapt to changing tasks or problems. To test whether cognitive flexibility is a coherent cognitive capacity in young children, we tested 3- to 5-year-olds' performance on two forms of task switching, rule-based (Three Dimension Changes Card Sorting, 3DCCS) and inductive (Flexible Induction of Meaning-Animates and Objects, FIM-Ob and FIM-An), as well as te...

INTRODUCTION Suboptimal decision-making is a feature in the initiation and maintenance of substance use, often manifested in choosing for short-term benefits rather than long-term gain, and the failure to display cognitive flexibility, respectively. Studies of nicotine users typically focus on characterizing those who are already addicted; less is known about decision-making in former smokers. ...

objectives: the role of cognitive process for postural control was shown in dual task studies. however, there was no definite evidence how verbal instructions influence the allocation of attention to postural control. this study determined whether young and elderly adult are able to deliberately control the resource allocation when performing a sensorimotor and cognitive task simultaneously and...

nowadays both part-time as well as regular employees are working in many organizations of bangladesh. though many studies have been conducted to know the motivation status of regular employees but no study is found that addressed motivations status of both regular and part-time employees of bangladesh. thus, this study is conducted on 300 regular and part-time employees of bangladesh to know th...

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (pnf) training (contraction - relaxation method), in compared to the other methods of static and dynamic stretching exercises; has higher and safer effects on enhancement of hamstring muscle's flexibility, strength and endurance. achieving the optimal combination of contraction and stretching phases in pnf training that can increase these factors of phy...

According to Becker’s (1957) famous theory on discrimination, entrepreneurs with a strong prejudice against female workers forgo profi ts by submitting to their tastes. In a competitive market their fi rms lack effi ciency and are therefore forced to leave. We present new empirical evidence for this prediction by studying the survival of startup fi rms in a large longitudinal matched employer-e...

UNLABELLED Recent research yielded the intriguing conclusion that, in healthy adults, higher levels of variability in neuronal processes are beneficial for cognitive functioning. Beneficial effects of variability in neuronal processing can also be inferred from neurocomputational theories of working memory, albeit this holds only for tasks requiring cognitive flexibility. However, cognitive sta...