Augmented Reality (AR) is a growing area in virtual reality research. The world environment around us provides a wealth of information that is difficult to duplicate in a computer. This is evidenced by the worlds used in virtual environments. Either these worlds are very simplistic such as the environments created for immersive entertainment and games, or the system that can create a more reali...

In this Part II, a thorough investigation of the melting of the electrode; the droplet formation, detachment, transfer and impingement onto the workpiece, and the weld-pool formation and dynamics was conducted. The transient melt-flow velocity and temperature distributions in the droplet and in the weld pool were calculated. The resulting crater in the weld pool and the weld-pool oscillation du...

Does intruder group size and orientation affect flight initiation distance in birds?— Wildlife managers use flight initiation distance (FID), the distance animals flee an approaching predator, to determine set back distances to minimize human impacts on wildlife. FID is typically estimated by a single person; this study examined the effects of intruder number and orientation on FID. Three diffe...

Although high levels of population mobility are often viewed as a problem at the neighbourhood level we know relatively little about what makes some neighbourhoods more mobile than others. The main question in this paper is to what extent differences in out-mobility between neighbourhoods can be explained by differences in the share of mobile residents, or whether other neighbourhood characteri...

Management games are well-established techniques for improving the understanding and appreciation of realistic problems. Flight Simulators [4] where students “fly” a particular aspect of an enterprise are particularly rewarding. A web-based virtual factory and simulator platform for teaching industrial statistics and process improvement techniques has been developed. It provides students with e...

This paper discusses the methods of flight simulation; specifically real-time simulation of airplanes. The paper describes methods to form a minimal, but complete, flight simulator. The simulator basically operates by solving the airplane’s equations of motion of the airplane in real time. The major part of solving the equations of motion is determining the total force and moment on the airplan...

Prospective memory is the ability to remember to perform acts in the future. Prospective memory is essential in the aviation domain because it supports a range of tasks including remembering to complete critical radio communications. A wide variety of literature reports that in the laboratory younger adults outperform older adults on many prospective memory tasks. In naturalistic settings howev...

The goal of the present study was to examine the impact of different data-communication (Data Comm) methods and use of multi-dimensional displays (2-D or 3-D) on pilot workload when Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) are employed. Eight pilots flew simulated enroute flights using an integrated (FANS-1A) or non-integrated (ACARS) Data Comm method. Pilots were also asked to rate the workload and a...

In flight simulation, motion filters are used to transform aircraft motion into simulator motion. When looking for the best match between visual and inertial amplitude in a simulator, researchers have found that there is a range of inertial amplitudes, rather than a single inertial value, that is perceived by subjects as optimal. This zone, hereafter referred to as the optimal zone, seems to co...

Few research studies have discussed the two variables of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, and even fewer have examined flight attendants as the research subject. The current study employed a questionnaire method to examine 353 Taiwanese flight attendants’ feelings about emotional labor, the status of their emotional exhaustion, and the relationship between emotional labor and emotional...