Wheel force transducer (WFT), which measures the three-axis forces and three-axis torques applied to the wheel, is an important instrument in the vehicle testing field and has been extremely promoted by researchers with great interests. The transducer, however, is typically mounted on the wheel of a moving vehicle, especially on a high speed car, when abruptly accelerating or braking, the mass/...

Although musculoskeletal models are commonly used, validating the muscle actions predicted by such models is often difficult. In situ isometric measurements are a possible solution. The base of the skeleton is immobilized and the endpoint of the limb is rigidly attached to a 6-axis force transducer. Individual muscles are stimulated and the resulting forces and moments recorded. Such analyses g...

Physical conflicts tend to escalate. For example, as tit-for-tat exchanges between two children escalate, both will often assert that the other hit him or her harder. Here we show that, in such situations, both sides are reporting their true percept and that the escalation is a natural by-product of neural processing. Six pairs of naı̈ve participants took part in a tit-for-tat experiment. Each m...

Although miniaturized piezoelectric transducers usually derive more power from motion than their electrostatic and electromagnetic counterparts, they still generate little power. The reason for this is that the electromechanical coupling factor is low, which means the damping force that tiny transducers impose on vibrations (when drawing power) is hardly noticeable. The single-inductor 0.35-μm ...

In acoustofluidics, acoustic resonance modes for fluid and microparticle handling are traditionally excited by bulk piezoelectric transducers. this work, we demonstrate numerical simulation in three dimensions (3D) that integrated thin-film transducers constituting less than 0.1% of the device work equally well. The simulations done using a well-tested experimentally validated model. Our proof-...

To facilitate the cell based robot research, we presented a micro-mechanical force measurement system for the biological muscle actuators, which utilize glucose as a power source for potential application in a human body or blood vessels. The system is composed of a micro-manipulator, a force transducer with a glass probe, a signal processor, an inverted microscope and video recoding system. Us...

Abstract The steady-state vibration amplitude is an important performance indicator of high-frequency ultrasonic transducers for ultrasonically assisted manipulating, machining, and manufacturing. This work aimed to develop a calculation model the new type dual-branch cascaded composite structure-based transducer that can be used in packaging microelectronic chips. First, piezoelectric vibrator...

The feasibility of the Harmonic Motion Imaging (HMI) technique for simultaneous monitoring and generation of focused ultrasound therapy using two separate focused ultrasound transducer elements has previously been shown. In this study, a new HMI technique is described that images tissue displacement induced by a harmonic radiation force induced using a single focused ultrasound element. First, ...

To determine the degree to which intramuscular pressure (IMP) and muscle force are correlated in an intact compartment, a custom pressure transducer was inserted into the rabbit tibialis anterior (TA) while activating the muscle via the peroneal nerve and measuring TA muscle force distal to the ankle retinaculum. In general, IMP was more variable compared with muscle force throughout the entire...