Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of death from malignancy in the UK. The number of men diagnosed with PCa is increasing, due in part to an increased willingness of men to visit their family doctors with lower urinary tract symptoms, and also a willingness of physicians to test for it. As the demographic of men diagnosed with PCa becomes younger...

Focused crawlers are programs that wander in the Web, using its graph structure, and gather pages that belong to a specific topic. The most critical task in Focused Crawling is the scoring of the URLs as it designates the path that the crawler will follow, and thus its effectiveness. In this paper we propose a novel scheme for assigning scores to the URLs, based on the Reinforcement Learning (R...

Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFCNEs) have recently been undergoing rigorous study to investigate their ability to improve the therapeutic efficacy of tumor ablation by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). For precise control of PFCNE delivery and thermal ablation, their accumulation and distribution in a tumor should be quantitatively analyzed. Here, we used fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic re...

Tissue destruction by thermal ablation occurs when the targeted delivery of heat or cold causes a rapid change in temperature (>55°C for heat or <−20–50°C for cold) in the local tissue environment. Imaging can be used to localize and target the thermal effects to the target/tumor for treatment, control the energy deposition, and assess treatment response. Therapeutic applications of ultrasound ...

PURPOSE To develop and validate a computational model that simulates (1) tissue heating with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and (2) resulting hyperthermia-mediated drug delivery from temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSL). MATERIALS AND METHODS HIFU heating in tissue was simulated using a heat transfer model based on the bioheat equation, including heat-induced cessation of perfusio...

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A novel class of HIFU and redox dual responsive polymer with a disulfide bond weak linkage is developed. The novel modality of HIFU and redox triggered release allows for the fine-tuning of the release kinetics of the encapsulants from the micelles in a remote and controlled way.

Magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is an innovative technology in the new panorama of treatment using ultrasound. It combines two well-known and distinct methodologies: high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and a magnetic resonance imaging system (MRI). This review on MRgFUS is focused on the technical aspects and the current clinical applications in oncology...

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has recently been the focus of numerous studies in language education since it aims to overcome the pitfalls of form-focused and meaning-focused instruction by systematically integrating content and language. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize the findings of 22 primary studies that tested the effect of CLIL on language skills and components. G...

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is a definitive treatment for localized prostate cancer that is currently utilized most in Europe and Japan but it not yet approved by the FDA for this indication. Within the armamentarium of definitive prostate cancer therapies it is unique as it is truly non-invasive and does not involve incision or excision. The purpose of this paper is to review the ...