This paper addresses the task of using natural language generation (NLG) techniques to generate sentences with formal and with informal style. We studied the main characteristics of each style, which helped us to choose parameters that can produce sentences in one of the two styles. We collected some ready-made parallel list of formal and informal words and phrases, from different sources. In a...

This paper proposes a model for describing lexical semantics within systemic-functional theory. Formal approaches to lexical semantics assume that words have meanings which exist independently from communication and are represented by means of (semi-) formal definitions. Functional approaches treat language as a tool for social interaction and, in the case of lexical semantics, assume that lexi...

Formal language theory, introduced by Noam Chomsky in the 1950s as a tool for a description of natural languages [8–10], has also been widely involved in modeling and investigating phenomena appearing in computer science, artificial intelligence and other related fields because the symbolic representation of a modeled system in the form of strings makes its processes by information processing t...

Some writers, speakers, and students have problems with clear usage of stratigraphic terminology, a topic made more acute by the appearance of the complex 1983 North American Stratigraphic Code, its 2005 revision, and new editions of the International Stratigraphic Guide. The basic categories of stratigraphic units are: 1) material; 2) non-material; 3) hybrid. Examples are the well-known rock (...

The paper deals with the problem of automatic transcription of spontaneous conversations in Czech. That type of speech is informal with many colloquial words. It is difficult to create an appropriate lexicon and language model when linguistic resources representing colloquial Czech are limited to several small corpora collected by the Institute of Czech National Corpus. To overcome this, we int...

We introduce a new approach to semantics which combines the benefits of distributional and formal logical semantics. Distributional models have been successful in modelling the meanings of content words, but logical semantics is necessary to adequately represent many function words. We follow formal semantics in mapping language to logical representations, but differ in that the relational cons...

On a distributed connectionist approach, morphology reects a learned sensitivity to the systematic relationships among the surface forms of words and their meanings. Performance on lexical tasks should thus exhibit graded effects of both semantic and formal similarity. Although there is evidence for such effects, there are also demonstrations of morphological effects in the absence of semantic...

The central question of this report concerned the role of formal similarity in free recall of lists of trigrams and lists of three-letter word triads. Similarity was manipulated among trigrams by duplicating letters and among triads by duplicating words. An initial study showed that lists of 16 letters were learned more rapidly than a list of 16 three-letter words. Therefore, in the major exper...