In contrast to most expectations, we showed previously that dietary fructooligosaccharides (FOS) stimulate intestinal colonization and translocation of invasive Salmonella enteritidis in rats. Even before infection, FOS increased the cytotoxicity of fecal water, mucin excretion, and intestinal permeability. In the present study, we tested whether FOS has these effects in humans. A double-blind,...

The proto-oncogene c-fos has been implicated in the modulation of various cell functions. We have found that thrombin, a pleiotropic activator of endothelial cells, induced c-fos mRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HEC). This effect was dose-related (0.05 to 1.0 U/mL) and transient (maximal after 1 hour and negligible within 4 hours). Since thrombin activates phosphoinositide (PI) t...

We found previously that stimulation of c-fos and c-myc mRNA expression are early events in hydrogen peroxide-induced growth in rat aortic smooth muscle (RASM) cells. In the present study, we investigated the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and protein kinase C (PKC) in mediating hydrogen peroxide-induced c-fos mRNA expression in RASM cells. Mepacrine and p-bromophenacylbromide, potent inhibito...

Fos and Jun form dimeric complexes that bind to activator protein 1 (AP-1) DNA sequences and regulate gene expression. The levels of expression and activities of these proteins are regulated by a variety of extracellular stimuli. They are thought to function in nuclear signal transduction processes in many different cell types. The role of Fos and Jun in gene transcription is complex and may be...

Expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos has been advanced as a marker of neuronal activity in the adult nervous system. We sought to test the validity of c-fos mRNA expression as a marker of neuronal activity during seizures and to elucidate specific neurotransmitter receptors whose activation was necessary for seizure-evoked c-fos mRNA expression. We correlated c-fos mRNA expression, meas...

FUT1 is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of Lewis y, a membrane-associated carbohydrate antigen. The aberrant upregulation of FUT1 and Lewis y antigen is related to proliferation, invasion and prognosis in malignant epithelial tumors. A c-Fos/activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding site was found in the FUT1 promoter. However, the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of FUT1 remain po...

Intestinal colonization is beneficial to the role of probiotics, and prebiotics can promote adhesion probiotics in intestine. This study optimized combination complex that could improve growth ability Limosilactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum) DALI02 Caco-2 cells vitro determined effect its quantity time immunocompromised rat model. The results showed all five (fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), ...

The protooncogene c-fos has been implicated in the control of proliferation and transformation of fibroblasts, and its protein product is an essential component of transcription factor AP1. The important target genes and, hence, the molecular mechanism of Fos function are, however, still unknown, partly due to the lack of a tightly regulated Fos-induction system. Here we show that different act...

In female rats, the onset of reproductive behavior depends on the sequential presence of estradiol followed by progesterone. Although treatment with high doses of estradiol has been shown to increase immunostaining for the Fos protein, an immediate early gene product that is expressed upon cellular activation, another report conflicts with this finding. However, the previous reports agree that ...

c-Fos and c-Jun are members of the AP-1 family of transcriptional activators that regulate the expression of genes during cell proliferation. To facilitate in vitro studies of mechanisms of transcriptional activation by c-Jun and c-Fos we developed a method for obtaining recombinant c-Fos/c-Jun that is highly active in DNA binding and transcriptional activation in vitro. Full-length human c-Fos...