Abstract—Lyophilization, also called freeze-drying, is an important dehydration technique mainly used for pharmaceuticals. Food industry also uses lyophilization when it is important to retain most of the nutritional quality, taste, shape and size of dried products and to extend their shelf life. Vacuum-Induced during freezing cycle (VI) has been used in order to control ice nucleation and, con...

To establish the most convenient and effective method to dry tangerine peels, different methods (sun drying, hot-air drying, freeze drying, vacuum drying, and medium- and short-wave infrared drying) were exploited. Our results indicated that medium- and short-wave infrared drying was the best method to preserve nutraceutical components; for example, vitamin C was raised to 6.77 mg/g (D.W.) from...

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1) is arguably the most important viral disease of cattle. It is associated with reproductive, respiratory and chronic diseases in cattle across the world. In this study we have investigated the capacity of the major immunological determinant of BVDV-1, the E2 protein combined with hollow type mesoporous silica nanoparticles with surface amino functionalisat...

To explore the collapse of eucalyptus wood cells during the drying process, continuous and intermittent drying were carried out on Eucalyptus urophylla. The shrinkage throughout the intermittent drying process was less than that of continuous drying. According to observations of cells made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), there was a large difference in the degree of cell collapse betw...

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to assess demineralized dentin porosity and quantify the different porous features distribution within the material using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) technique. We compared hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) drying and lyophilization (LYO) (freeze-drying) in sample preparation. METHODS Fifty-six dentin discs were assigned into three groups. The co...

Okara is a nutritionally valuable by-product produced in large quantities as result of soymilk elaboration. This work proposes its use as both culture and dehydration medium during freeze-drying, spray-drying, and storage of Lactobacillus plantarum CIDCA 83114. Whole and defatted okara were employed as culture media for L. plantarum CIDCA 83114. The growth kinetics were followed by plate counti...

In the big vacuum freeze-drying equipment, the drying rate of materials is uneven at different positions. This phenomenon can be explained by the uneven distribution of vapor pressure in chamber during the freeze-drying process. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to describe the vapor flow in the passageways either between material plates and in the channel between plate groups. T...

Cracks can form during the freeze-drying of freeze cast ceramic suspensions while attempting to produce dense ceramics. The contain alumina particles dispersed in cyclohexane. rate drying is controlled by pressure and temperature (slow at atmospheric −15°C fast under vacuum slowly increases from −80°C room temperature). X-Ray micro-computed tomography was used characterize internal crack format...

Quality and authenticity control serve as the customers' and manufacturers' insurance, and thus the development of analytical tools providing these tasks represents an important step of each product development. The control of authenticity in food manufacturing is even more important due to the direct influence of its products on the health of the population. This study sought to develop an eas...

WORK has been directed recently towards the development of a freeze-dried BCG vaccine with the property of heat stability in order to provide a vaccine which will retain its potency if exposed for short periods to the high environmental temperatures experienced in tropical countries. Numerous attempts have been made to improve the heat stability of freeze-dried BCG vaccine. Earlier attempts hav...