Auxiliary power units (APUs) are widely used for electric power generation in various types of electric vehicles, improvements in fuel economy and emissions of these vehicles directly depend on the operating point of the APUs. In order to balance the conflicting goals of fuel consumption and emissions reduction in the process of operating point choice, the APU operating point optimization probl...

Optimal control of a wheel loader operating in the short loading cycle is studied in order to investigate the potentials for fuel consumption reduction while maintaining acceptable production rates. The wheel loader is modeled as a system with five states and three control inputs including torque converter nonlinearities. The torque converter is modeled with no lockup enabling power transmissio...

We propose a real-time optimal controller that will reduce fuel consumption in a series Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). This real-time drive cycle-independent controller is designed using a control-oriented model and Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle for an off-line optimization problem, and is shown to be optimal in realtime applications. Like other proposed controllers in the literature, this con...

Investigating potential ways to improve fuel efficiency of aircraft operations is crucial for the development global air traffic management (ATM) performance target. The implementation trajectory-based (TBOs) will play a major role in enhancing predictability and flight efficiency. TBO also provides new means save energy reduce emissions. By comprehensively considering dynamics, available route...

Nowadays, the increase of fossil fuel consumption intensifies the crucial role of architects. As buildings consume over one-third of the used energy, the society of architects is held responsible for this consumption. Therefore, the amount of energy used by a building is directly related to its design; meaning that reduction of energy consumption should be targeted at the design stage. In this ...