Time-variant muscle responses under electrical stimulation (ES) are often problematic for all the applications of neuroprosthetic muscle control. This situation limits the range of ES usage in relevant areas, mainly due to muscle fatigue and also to changes in stimulation electrode contact conditions, especially in transcutaneous ES. Surface electrodes are still the most widely used in noninvas...

BACKGROUND Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a rehabilitation method that can revert alterations provoked by aging, such as reductions in functional capacity and modifications on blood pressure variability (BPV). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the training effects of FES on functional capacity and BPV in a centenarian woman. METHODS A 101-year-old woman without previous disease underwent F...

Hybrid robotic systems represent a novel research field, where functional electrical stimulation (FES) is combined with a robotic device for rehabilitation of motor impairment. Under this approach, the design of robust FES controllers still remains an open challenge. In this work, we aimed at developing a learning FES controller to assist in the performance of reaching movements in a simple hyb...

Grasping power (GP) by means of functional electrical stimulation (FES) was measured in a patient with C6 complete tetraplegia. This was compared with GP by means of the dynamic tenodesis effect, the flexor hinge splint and the GP of normal female. Palmar grasp strength by means of FES was approximately 16 % of the control group and 2.4 times greater than the flexor hinge splint. Lateral grasp ...

Abstract When using functional electrical stimulation (FES) for cycling in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) during FES-cycling, a rapid onset of muscular fatigue can be observed. Among other reasons, missing neural feedback from the lower extremities might responsible reduced sympathetic response stimulation. Therefore, this project explores different methods to activate nervous system...

The suitability of multichannel functional electrical stimulation (FES) during the standing-up manoeuvre for therapeutic home use was investigated. Two spinal cord-injured subjects (SCI) participated in the study. Ankle plantar flexors, knee extensors and hip extensors were stimulated. The amplitude of the stimulation pulses depended on the current phase of raising. The sit-to-stand process was...

BACKGROUND Stroke can lead to significant impairment of upper limb function which affects performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Functional electrical stimulation (FES) involves electrical stimulation of motor neurons such that muscle groups contract and create or augment a moment about a joint. Whilst lower limb FES was established in post-stroke rehabilitation, there is a lack of cl...

This paper deals with using functional electrical stimulation (FES) to restore function of upper motor neuron paralyzed abdominal muscles (AM) in spinal cord injury (SCI) for both inspiratory and expiratory function. Cough can be restored or improved by stimulating the AM in concert with an individual's attempt to cough. Ventilation can be augmented by stimulating AM (FESAM) either in synchrony...

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) may be used in rehabilitation and assistance of people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). One significant application is facilitating physical exercise, mainly when combining FES mechanical platforms, such as tricycles. However, there are still technical challenges cycling protocols, improving control performance. Here we show how passive elements knee orthos...

Below is a discussion of an FDA-approved noninvasive Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) System for ambulation by traumatic T1 to T12 paraplegics having no sensation and no motor function below their spinal cord injury (SCI). The system’s ambulation training, its ambulation performance evaluation and its medical evaluation are summarized.