The neural stimulators have been employed to the visual prostheses system based on the functional electrical stimulation (FES). Due to the size limitation of the implantable device, the smaller area of the unit current driver pixel is highly desired for higher resolution current stimulation system. This paper presents a 16-channel compact current-mode neural stimulator IC with digital to analog...

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has been reported on its effect to reorganize the sensory neural network in central nervous system, similar as observations traditional invasive stimulation.

BackgroundHypokinetic dysarthria is a common but difficult-to-treat symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD).ObjectivesWe evaluated the long-term effects multiple-session repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on hypokinetic in PD. Neural mechanisms were assessed by functional MRI.MethodsA randomized parallel-group sham stimulation-controlled design was used. Patients randomly assigned to ten ...

Brock AA, Friedman RM, Fan RH, Roe AW. Optical imaging of cortical networks via intracortical microstimulation. J Neurophysiol 110: 2670 –2678, 2013. First published September 11, 2013; doi:10.1152/jn.00879.2012.—Understanding cortical organization is key to understanding brain function. Distinct neural networks underlie the functional organization of the cerebral cortex; however, little is kno...

nAture methods | ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION | optogenetics allows the manipulation of neural activity in freely moving animals with millisecond precision, but its application in Drosophila melanogaster has been limited. here we show that a recently described red activatable channelrhodopsin (reachr) permits control of complex behavior in freely moving adult flies, at wavelengths that are not th...

Whether hESC-derived neurons can fully integrate with and functionally regulate an existing neural network remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that hESC-derived neurons receive unitary postsynaptic currents both in vitro and in vivo and adopt the rhythmic firing behavior of mouse cortical networks via synaptic integration. Optical stimulation of hESC-derived neurons expressing Channelrhodopsi...

BACKGROUND Although pedophilia is of high public concern, little is known about underlying neural mechanisms. Although pedophilic patients are sexually attracted to prepubescent children, they show no sexual interest toward adults. This study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of deficits of sexual and emotional arousal in pedophiles. METHODS Thirteen pedophilic patients and 14 health...

Recording the activity of large populations of neurons requires new methods to analyze and use the large volumes of time series data thus created. Fast and clear methods for finding functional connectivity are an important step toward the goal of understanding neural processing. This problem presents itself readily in somatosensory neuroprosthesis (SSNP) research, which uses microstimulation (M...

Despite the human brain's ability to rapidly reorganize neuronal activity patterns in response to interactions with the environment (e.g., learning), it remains unclear whether compensatory mechanisms occur, on a similar time scale, in response to exogenous cortical perturbations. To investigate this, we disrupted normal neural function via repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and asses...

We report evidence for a context- and not stimulus-dependent functional asymmetry in the left and right human auditory midbrain, thalamus, and cortex in response to monaural sounds. Neural activity elicited by left- and right-ear stimulation was measured simultaneously in the cochlear nuclei, inferior colliculi (ICs), medial geniculate bodies (MGBs), and auditory cortices (ACs) in 2 functional ...