, 118 (2013); 342 Science et al. Arne Weiberg Interference Pathways Fungal Small RNAs Suppress Plant Immunity by Hijacking Host RNA This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission ...

Group I introns are autonomous genetic elements that can catalyze their own excision from pre-RNA. Understanding how group I introns move in nuclear ribosomal (r)DNA remains an important question in evolutionary biology. Two models are invoked to explain group I intron movement. The first is termed homing and results from the action of an intron-encoded homing endonuclease that recognizes and c...

The complete nucleotide sequence (5845 nucleotides) of the genomic RNA of the potexvirus white clover mosaic virus (WC1MV) has been determined from a set of overlapping cDNA clones. Forty of the most 5'-terminal nucleotides of WC1MV showed homology to the 5' sequences of other potexviruses. The genome contained five open reading frames which coded for proteins of Mr 147, 417, Mr 26,356, Mr 12,9...

Virus-encoded mRNA capping enzymes are attractive targets for antiviral therapy, but functional studies have been limited by the lack of genetically tractable in vivo systems that focus exclusively on the RNA-processing activities of the viral proteins. Here we have developed such a system by engineering a viral capping enzyme-vaccinia virus D1(1-545)p, an RNA triphosphatase and RNA guanylyltra...

The Neurospora crassa mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (mtTyrRS; CYT-18 protein) evolved a new function as a group I intron splicing factor by acquiring the ability to bind group I intron RNAs and stabilize their catalytically active RNA structure. Previous studies showed: (i) CYT-18 binds group I introns by using both its N-terminal catalytic domain and flexibly attached C-terminal antico...

Endornaviruses have large double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes that carry a single open reading frame (ORF). Here we report the complete genome of a novel endornavirus, assembled from next-generation sequence data generated from Vitis vinifera-extracted dsRNA. Two different fungal hosts have been identified for this virus, suggesting that horizontal transmission of the virus is possible.

Neurospora crassa has been for decades a principal model for filamentous fungal genetics and physiology as well as for understanding the mechanism of circadian clocks. Eukaryotic fungal and animal clocks comprise transcription-translation-based feedback loops that control rhythmic transcription of a substantial fraction of these transcriptomes, yielding the changes in protein abundance that med...

During spore germination, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi show limited hyphal development in the absence of a host plant (asymbiotic). In the presence of root exudates, they switch to a new developmental stage (presymbiotic) characterized by extensive hyphal branching. Presymbiotic branching of the AM fungus Gigaspora rosea was induced in liquid medium by a semipurified exudate fraction from ...

background: recently, the use of t7 rna polymerase instead of other viral and cellular promoters is increasing due to high efficacy of transcription in the cell cytoplasm by this polymerase. in order to translate the transcripts produced by t7 rna polymerase in mammalian cell lines, it is necessary to include internal ribosome entry site (ires) sequences. in addition, if sequence of poly a sign...

We describe a new ab initio algorithm, GeneMark-ES version 2, that identifies protein-coding genes in fungal genomes. The algorithm does not require a predetermined training set to estimate parameters of the underlying hidden Markov model (HMM). Instead, the anonymous genomic sequence in question is used as an input for iterative unsupervised training. The algorithm extends our previously devel...