We investigate the effect of scale on performance in the active money management industry. We first document that fund returns, both before and after fees and expenses, decline with lagged fund size, even after accounting for various performance benchmarks. We then explore a number of potential explanations for this relationship. This association is most pronounced among funds that have to inve...

Eling and Schuhmacher (2007) compared the Sharpe ratio with other performance measures and found virtually identical rank ordering using hedge fund data. They conclude that the choice of performance measure has no critical influence on fund evaluation and that the Sharpe ratio is generally adequate for analyzing hedge funds. Nevertheless, their analysis does not include the class of tailor-made...

This paper derives optimal asset allocations (which assets to hold) and asset locations (in which accounts to hold them) for a risk-averse investor saving for retirement. The investor can hold taxable corporate bonds, tax-exempt municipal bonds, and stocks either in a tax-deferred or a conventional taxable savings account. Taxable bonds have a preferred location in the taxdeferred account and t...

In this paper, I build a model where financial intermediation slows the flow of capital. Investors optimally learn from intermediary performance to allocate capital toward profitable intermediaries. Intermediaries reach for yield, i.e invest in high tail risk assets, in an attempt to drive flows and reduce liquidation risk. Reaching for yield is stronger among intermediaries with weak opportuni...

Recent literature discusses the persistence of skewness and tail risk in hedge fund returns. The aim of this paper is to suggest an alternative skewness measure  which is derived as the normalized shape parameter from the skew-normal distribution. First, we illustrate that the skew-normal distribution is better able to catch the characteristics of hedge fund returns than the normal distributio...

The Wider Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Migrants: A Survey of the Literature In recent years, the economics of migration literature has shown a substantial growth in papers exploring host country impacts beyond the labour market. Specifically, researchers have begun to shift their attention from labour market and fiscal changes, towards exploring what we might call ‘the wider effects of migr...

SUMMARY The reconciliation of audit evidence to the subject matter is a key and recurring procedure. Before reconciling information, data needs be extracted from matter, which often in Portable Document Format (PDF). Reconciliations are task for every new version matter. Large firms typically “offshore” simple repetitive tasks such as reconciliations shared service centers. Offshoring however c...

This study assesses the relative performance of Greek equity funds employing a nonparametric method, specifically Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Using an original sample of cost and operational attributes we explore the effect of each variable on funds' operational efficiency for an oligopolistic and bank-dominated fund industry. Our results have significant implications for the investors' fu...

This study investigates whether institutional bond blockholders (i.e., bond funds that hold more than 5% of a firm’s outstanding bonds) impede firm innovative activities, and if they do, through which channels. We find that long-term bond blockholders do not discourage firms from conducting innovative activities. Short-term bond blockholders, however, significantly reduce both firm investments ...

The present study estimates demand and supply functions of the UK market for 25-year maturity unitlinked (UL) personal pensions for the years 1998 to 2000. It exploits the unique information contained in the PIA disclosure surveys on reduction in yields and new business. The results suggest the popular view about the business of life offices “insurance products are sold, not bought” does not me...