Fossil melanin granules (melanosomes) are an important resource for inferring the evolutionary history of colour and its functions in animals. The taphonomy of melanin and melanosomes, however, is incompletely understood. In particular, the chemical processes responsible for melanosome preservation have not been investigated. As a result, the origins of sulfur-bearing compounds in fossil melano...

Climate Change refers to any systematic change in the long-term statistics of climate elements (such as temperature, pressure, or winds) sustained over several decades or longer time periods. General Circulation Models (GCMs) are tools designed to simulate time series of climate variables globally, accounting for effects of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and resulting global climate change....

Alternaria porri causing purple blotch disease of onion is a destructive phytopathogen which causes severe loss in productivity. The present study aimed to unravel the antagonistic potential and efficacy volatile organic compounds produced by various Trichoderma spp. against A. through Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Ten isolates species were isolated from rhizospheric soi...

Clinical Medicine Vol 8 No 6 December 2008 621 © Royal College of Physicians, 2008. All rights reserved. It has been over a century since Sir Archibald Garrod first recognised the existence of inherited metabolic diseases (IMD).1 Technological and scientific advances have gradually led to greatly increased understanding of their aetiology and pathogenesis, and have ultimately resulted in effect...

A series of new bis(heterocycles) featuring thieno[2,3-b]thiophene rings was synthesized in a combinatorial manner. Intramolecular cyclization of enaminone derivatives with appropriate N-nucleophiles afforded the target compounds. All compounds were characterized by ¹H-, ¹³C-NMR, GCMS, IR, and UV-Vis spectrometry. These compounds represent a new class of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing heterocy...

The determination of atmospheric concentrations of levoglucosan and its two isomers, unambiguous tracers of biomass burning emissions, became even more important with the development of wood as renewable energy for domestic heating. Many researches demonstrated the increase during recent years of atmospheric particulate matter load due to domestic biomass combustion in developed countries. Anal...

We present the Representative Temperature and Precipitation (T&P) GCM Subsetting Approach developed within the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) to select a practical subset of global climate models (GCMs) for regional integrated assessment of climate impacts when resource limitations do not permit the full ensemble of GCMs to be evaluated given the need to also...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study has been to assess ambient bisphenol A (BPA) levels in workplaces and urine levels of workers and to establish a BPA database for different populations in Malaysia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Urine samples were collected from plastic factory workers and from control subjects after their shift. Air samples were collected using gas analyzers from 5 sampling positi...

The aim of this study was to compare the volatile compounds between Changyu XO and Hennessy XO. Sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of tasters. Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis was achieved by headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME), coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). A total of 160 volatile compounds w...