Aluminosilicate gel precursor having mullite composition was synthesized from inorganic salts of aluminum and silicon by employing the sol-gel method. Chemical analysis, surface area and bulk density measurements were performed to characterize the dried gel. The course of the mullitization was examined by FT-IR analysis which confirmed the diphasic nature of the gel. ...

Objective: There is not a non-invasive, valid, and reliable criterion yet that can be used to determine the degree of dehydration responsiveness fluid treatment. In literature, Pleth Variability Index (PVI) has been studied as one additional tools dehydration. Studies on this topic have conducted mainly patients who are connected mechanical ventilators. This study was assess feasibility PVI mea...

In a careful study of the acid-base relationships in Bufo marinus, Boutilier et al. (1979) also looked at the effects of dehydration. They found that arterial pH was maintained at a rather constant level by the ventilatory regulation of P c o in the arterial blood and by some acidification of the urine. During a recent study on the acid-base status of the blood in the euryhaline toad Bufo virid...

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an acute necrotizing and suppurative infection of the kidney parenchyma. It is defined by the presence of gas within the kidney parenchyma and surrounding tissues. This rare condition is usually seen in diabetic or immunocompromised adults. In this paper, we report four cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis (including two diabetic patients) managed by broad...

It has been hypothesized that freeze-tolerance in anurans evolved from a predisposition for dehydration tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we dehydrated summer/fall-collected and winter acclimated freeze-tolerant chorus frogs and dehydration-tolerant, but freeze-intolerant, Woodhouse's and Great Plains toads to 25% and 50% body water loss (BWL). Following treatments, we measured glucose, glyco...

Cuticular properties affect the gas exchange of leaves, but little is known about how much CO2 and water vapor cross the cuticular barrier or whether low water potentials affect the process. Therefore, we measured the cuticular conductances for CO2 and water vapor in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves having various water potentials. The lower leaf surface was sealed to force all gas exchange thr...