Ethanol use in vehicle fuel is increasing worldwide, but the potential cancer risk and ozone-related health consequences of a large-scale conversion from gasoline to ethanol have not been examined. Here, a nested global-through-urban air pollution/weather forecast model is combined with high-resolution future emission inventories, population data, and health effects data to examine the effect o...

Increasing numbers of young women are employed as gasoline station attendants in most developing countries despite the lack of empirical data on the adverse reproductive health effect of this solvent. This study therefore sought to assess the effects of gasoline inhalation on the serum sex hormone profile and menstrual characteristics of female gasoline station attendants in Nigeria, given the ...

Imagine a world where government regulation of gasoline, justified by scarcity of supply, allowed 20% of the gasoline in the U.S. to be used for farming; 20% for manufacturing; 20% for home use; 20% for government; and another 20% held in reserve for future potential government uses. In this world, prices would regulate the use of gasoline within each sector, but consumers would pay vastly diff...

This paper applies artificial neural networks to forecast gasoline consumption. The ANN is implemented using the cross entropy error function in the training stage. The cross entropy function is proven to accelerate the backpropagation algorithm and to provide good overall network performance with relatively short stagnation periods. To forecast gasoline consumption (GC), the ANN uses previous ...

Laboratory for Petroleum and Petrochemical Process Engineering was established as a part of the Petroleum and Petrochemical Department at the Faculty of Chemical engineering and Technology and it was officially opened on July 4, 2011, within the AMACIZ scientific colloquium. The Laboratory was founded with the goal of enabling the research and development of processes treating and refining petr...

Particulate matter of vehicle exhaust is known to contain carcinogenic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and is suggested to increase lung cancer risk in humans. This study examines the differences in diesel and gasoline-derived PAH binding to DNA in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Particulate matter (PM) of gasoline exhaust was collected from passenger ...

Introduction Gasoline is a complex solution of different hydrocarbons. Naturally occurring petroleum contains aromatic hydrocarbons, a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons that includes benzene, toluene, ethylenzene, and xylene (collectively known as BTEX). Since the EPA banned lead additions to gas in 1973, aromatic hydrocarbons were added to increase the octane concentration, thereby maximizing ...

The use of oxygenated fuels in spark ignition engines (SIEs) has gained increasing attention in the last few years, especially when coming from renewable sources, due to the shortage of fossil fuels and global warming concern. Currently, the main substitute of gasoline is ethanol, which helps to reduce CO and HC emissions but presents a series of drawbacks such as a low heating value and a high...