In vertebrates and arthropods, blood clotting involves the establishment of a plug of aggregated thrombocytes (the cellular clot) and an extracellular fibrillar clot formed by the polymerization of the structural protein of the clot, which is fibrin in mammals, plasma lipoprotein in crustaceans, and coagulin in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. Both elements of the clot function to staunc...

Validation process is a program for ensuring products with proven acceptable and predetermined specification. The LAL test used for detection of endotoxin in the sterile parenteral products is one of the tests that require validation. During this study, validation of 12 parenteral antibiotics including penicillin and cephalosporin have been done using gel clot method and obtained results which ...

Human factor V is activated to factor Va by alpha-thrombin after cleavages at Arg709, Arg1018, and Arg1545. Factor Va is inactivated by activated protein C (APC) in the presence of a membrane surface after three sequential cleavages of the heavy chain. Cleavage at Arg506 provides for efficient exposure of the inactivating cleavages at Arg306 and Arg679. Membrane-bound factor V is also inactivat...

Photo acoustic drug delivery is a technique for localized drug delivery by laser-induced hydrodynamic pressure following cavitation bubble expansion and collapse. Photoacoustic drug delivery was investigated on gelatin-based thrombus models with planar and cylindrical geometries by use of one microsecond laser pulses. Solutions of a hydrophobic dye in mineral oil permitted monitoring of deliver...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of a local application of simvastatin gel in repairing bone defects in the femurs of rabbits. METHODS Two standard surgical cavities were created in the femoral epiphysis of 18 rabbits. In the simvastatin group (SG), the cavities were filled with a collagen sponge soaked in 0.5 ml of a simvastatin (1 mg) gel, and the cavities were covered with a biological membr...

For neurons, overexcitement is deadly. To avoid this, brain cells must sop up unneeded neurotransmitters from the synapse through membrane-bound transporters. If these transporters fail, neurons and other brain cells get excited to death—a phenomenon that may contribute to brain damage during stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, brain deterioration after stroke is associated with elevated le...

A new case of congenital dysfibrinogenemia, in which the patient has severe thrombotic disease, is reported. The abnormal fibrinogen molecules are characterized by normal fibrinopeptide release with thrombin and defective polymerization in the formation of fibrin. Clotting times with ancrod and reptilase are significantly prolonged. All other coagulation tests (except those for fibrinogen funct...

DNA for use in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and other molecular testing is most commonly isolated from anticoagulated blood. With the need to minimize blood volume used in laboratory testing, the sharing of samples among laboratories for a variety of different tests and extraction of DNA from blood clots that would otherwise be waste products is becoming increasingly important. Several meth...